The following measures were assessed at baseline and post-intervention: Height measurements were conducted three times using a stadiometer (SECA, Germany), and participants' weight was measured using a digital weighing scale (Omron, USA). Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM, kg/m2) was assessed from a total body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan (DXA, Discovery A, Hologic, USA), with low ASM classified as <7.0 kg/m2 for men and <5.4 kg/m2 for women (20 (link)). Physical performance was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) that includes balance (side-by-side, semi-tandem, and tandem), 5-STS, and a 4-m gait assessment (21 (link)), with impaired physical performance classified as a SPPB score of ≤9. Sarcopenia classifications followed the possible sarcopenia (low grip strength and/or slow 5-STS time), sarcopenia (possible sarcopenia or low SPPB plus low ASM), and severe sarcopenia (presence of all three low measures) definitions from AWGS2 (20 (link)). Participants also completed the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) that includes measurements of left-side mid-arm and calf circumferences (22 (link)). Additionally, we assessed stair ascent and descent time using a standardized set of 10 steps, whereby participants were asked to walk as quickly up or down the stairs as possible, with the time recorded to the nearest 0.1 s (23 (link)).
Digital weighing scale
Manufactured by Omron
Sourced in United States
The Omron Digital Weighing Scale is a precision instrument designed for accurate weight measurements. It features a large, easy-to-read digital display and a durable construction for reliable performance. This scale provides consistent and precise measurements, making it suitable for various laboratory and industrial applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
4 protocols using digital weighing scale
1
Comprehensive Sarcopenia Assessment Protocol
2
Occupational Health and Safety Assessment
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A pre-designed pre-tested interview schedule, non-stretchable measuring tape, Digital weighing scale, Digital automatic blood pressure monitor (OMRON), ACCU-CHEK ACTIVE blood glucose meter for measuring Random blood sugar were used to collect data. The checklist was used to evaluate the workplace in terms of occupational health and safety.
3
Anthropometric Measurements and Developmental Evaluation
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Standing height, weight and waist circumference was measured in all the participants. A digital weighing scale (Omron) and stadiometer (IS Indosurgicals) were used for the measurement of weight in kilograms (Kg) and height in centimeters (cm) respectively. Waist circumference in centimeters were measured using a flexible, non-stretchable vinyl tap measure. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in Kg per unit square of standing height in cm. Same equipments were used for anthropometry throughout the study, in the supervision of same set of examiners. Data was recorded in the digital sheet on site. Outlier correction was performed to remove possible erroneous data entries.
Z-scores for BMI for age (zbfa) and height for age (zhfa) were calculated using the World Health Organization (WHO) growth chart to evaluate the developmental standing of study participants on the global scale
11
. WHO defines z-scores below -2 for zbfa and zhfa as “thinness” and “stunting” respectively, calculated from the 2007 growth standards. Z-scores were also evaluated from the present data using the Box-Cox-Cole-Green method, for BMI for age and waist for age, to examine their predictive ability in the screening of hypertension. 50
th percentile of BMI for age obtained was compared with the growth charts of WHO and Indian academy of pediatrics (IAP)
12 (link)
.
Z-scores for BMI for age (zbfa) and height for age (zhfa) were calculated using the World Health Organization (WHO) growth chart to evaluate the developmental standing of study participants on the global scale
11
. WHO defines z-scores below -2 for zbfa and zhfa as “thinness” and “stunting” respectively, calculated from the 2007 growth standards. Z-scores were also evaluated from the present data using the Box-Cox-Cole-Green method, for BMI for age and waist for age, to examine their predictive ability in the screening of hypertension. 50
th percentile of BMI for age obtained was compared with the growth charts of WHO and Indian academy of pediatrics (IAP)
12 (link)
.
4
Assessing and Addressing Childhood Malnutrition
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All children aged 13-60 months who were enrolled in the Anganwadis of RHC Ramanathapuram and PHC Sedarapet area were weighed using Omron digital weighing scale and graded using the World Health Organization (WHO)-growth chart. Children in RHC who were moderately and severely malnourished and their mothers were included in the intervention group. Similarly, age-(±6 months) and gender-matched children who were moderately and severely malnourished and their mothers in PHC Sedarapet were included in the control group. In the intervention group, all the moderately and severely malnourished siblings of the selected child were also included. A child not living with the mother or if the child or mother was mentally challenged was excluded from the study. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data about the child and family details, awareness of mothers on factors associated with malnutrition, diet history for estimating calorie, and anthropometric measurements. The socioeconomic status of the children was assessed based on Modified Prasad's Classification 2013. The calorie and protein intake were estimated by 24-h dietary recall method. The WHO-growth chart (weight for age) was used to educate the mother on child's nutritional status and growth monitoring.
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