Mx t20 s

Joint motions during the LOCOBOT exercise and basic movements were simultaneously recorded with EMG measurements using a camera-based optical motion capture system (Vicon Nexus, Vicon Motion Systems, London, UK) with 13 infrared cameras (Vantage-V8, MX T20-S, Vicon Motion Systems) at a sampling rate of 100 Hz and with six force platforms. Thirty-five reflective markers (14 mm in diameter) were attached to the participants, according to the Plug-in-Gait marker protocol [25 (link),26 ,27 (link)]. Trajectories of markers were converted to kinematic variables of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Range of motion (ROM) for the hip (flexion–extension), knee (flexion–extension), and ankle (dorsiflexion–plantarflexion) were analyzed in each motion. Additionally, total angular distance (TAD) was calculated to evaluate the joint movement during each LOCOBOT exercise. The TAD was defined as the moving distance of angular displacement of the joint divided by time (unit: deg/s) during exercise.

Thirteen infrared cameras (120 Hz; MX T20-S and Vantage 8; Vicon Motion Systems, London, UK) were used for OMCS. Infrared cameras were installed in areas where all markers could be measured (Fig. 5). After installing the cameras, the camera mask and calibration were performed. The calibration was set at a reprojection error of <0.2 mm for each camera. To synchronize OMCS and KMCS, the LED light and 5V voltage were used as triggers. In the global coordinate system, the point of origin was set approximately at the center of the measurement area. The forward direction of the kayak was the Y-axis, and the right direction was defined as the X-axis, which was orthogonal to the Y-axis. Furthermore, the Z-axis was vertically oriented upward (Fig. 5).

Data were collected using a CAREN-Extended system (Computer-Assisted Rehabilitation Environment, Motek Medical, Amsterdam, The Netherlands). The CAREN-Extended system configuration includes an integrated 10-camera, motion capture system (MX T20S, Vicon Motion Systems, Inc.; Oxford, UK), a six-degree-of-freedom motion platform (Sarnicola Simulation Systems Inc.; Conklin, New York, NY, USA), and an instrumented treadmill (Bertec Corp; Columbus, OH, USA). D-Flow software (version 3.20.0, Motekforce link, Houten, The Netherlands) was used to control hardware components. A harness was worn for confidence and safety. Kinematic data were captured at 100 Hz.