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7 protocols using rabbit anti human vwf antibody

1

Quantification of Canine FVIII and VWF

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Levels of cFVIII activity (cFVIII:C) were measured with a one-stage activated partial thromboplastin time-based assay using a STA compact hemostasis system (Stago, Toronto, Canada) from three on-board dilutions against a standard curve of normal canine pooled plasma. When necessary, cFVIII samples were diluted in canine deficient plasma. cFVIII and cVWF antigens were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as previously described30 (link) using a polyclonal sheep anti-cFVIII antibody (SAC8C-IG; Affinity Biologicals, Ancaster, Canada) and a polyclonal rabbit anti-human VWF antibody (Dako, Mississauga, Canada) that cross reacts with canine VWF antigen (Dako). Normal canine pooled plasma was used to generate the standard curve. The anti-cFVIII antibody used in our canine FVIII enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was generated against cFVIII produced from our BDD cFVIII transgene product and should therefore not interact with the B domain of the full-length native FVIII in the pooled plasma.
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2

Unconjugated Bilirubin Binding Assay

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Unconjugated bilirubin and bilirubin oxidase were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Fluorecene-5’-maleimide and DyLight633-maleimide were from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA). Metal ion chelating resin was purchased from GE Healthcare Life sciences (Mickleton, NJ). Pooled normal human plasma (NHP) was obtained from George King Biotechnology (Overland Park, KS). SeaKem HGT (P) agarose (Lonza, Rockland, ME), nitrocellulose membrane (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA), Pefablock (Sigma-Aldrich), rabbit anti-human VWF antibody (Dako, Carpinteria, CA), and IRDye-800CW-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (LI-COR Biotech, Lincoln, NE) were all commercially available. Plasma VWF [15 (link)] and recombinant human ADAMTS13 (rA13) [16 (link)] were purified to homogeneity using the methods previously described. GST-VWF73-H [17 (link)] and GST-rVWF71-11K [8 (link)] were prepared according to methods described previously. Leftover de-identified plasma samples anti-coagulated with sodium heparin after chemistry tests were collected from hospitalized patients with significantly elevated serum levels of Unconjugated bilirubin.
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3

Platelet vWF expression analysis

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Platelet-rich plasma or washed platelets from vehicle- or ALA-treated blood samples were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 15 min, then incubated with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing a rabbit anti-human vWF antibody (1:500, Dako A0082) and an anti-GpIbα-APC (BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA, USA) for 1 h. In some experiments, exogenous human vWF (100 ug/mL, Hematologic Technologies) was added to washed platelets. Samples were washed three times in 1% BSA in PBS and then stained with anti-rabbit 488 (1:250, Jackson Immunoresearch, West Grove, PA, USA) for 30 min. After three washes in 1% BSA in PBS, samples were resuspended in 300 mL PBS and analyzed on a LSR Fortessa (BD Bioscience).
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4

Histamine and Thrombin-Induced VWF Secretion

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HUVECs pretreated with DMSO, scrambled and PP2B peptides as described above were then challenged with histamine (5 or 10 μM) or thrombin (0.05 or 0.5 U/ml) for an additional 30 minutes. Cells without any agonist treatment served as a control.
In some studies, cells were treated with 5 mM H202, which blocks VWF secretion by inhibiting N–ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) [18 (link)]. In some experiments, scrambled and PP2B peptides were added 30 minutes after histamine treatment and incubated for an additional hour. The VWF antigen level in cell supernatants was analyzed using a standard ELISA technique. Samples were incubated for 2 hours on microtiter plates pre-coated with 1 μg/ml rabbit anti-human VWF antibody (Dako, CA). After several washes, samples were incubated with 2 μg/ml of HRP conjugated anti-human VWF antibody (Dako, CA) and color-developed with the addition of TMB (3, 3′, 5, 5′-tetramethylbenzidine; Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA). The reaction was stopped with 1 M HCl and the absorbance was read at 450 nm. Absorbance was converted to % of plasma VWF by comparing the absorbance values to a standard curve generated from human plasma samples. Fold differences in the VWF antigen levels were determined after normalizing the VWF values obtained for test samples (peptide and/or agonist treatment) to that obtained from media wherein cells were left untreated.
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5

Analysis of VWF Multimers by SDS-Agarose Gel

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Analysis of VWF multimers in plasma from patients, cell lysate, and cell cultural medium was performed using 1.5% SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis, as previously described with slight modification[10 (link), 11 (link)]. Briefly, the plasma was diluted 1: 5 and cell lysate and cultural medium were diluted 1: 3 with sample dilution buffer (0.5 M Tris/HCl, pH 6.8, 0.5 M EDTA, 0.1% SDS, 9 M Urea) and heated at 60 °C for 30 minutes. Fifteen µL of sample was loaded and VWF multimer was separated by electrophoresis at 3 mA for 10 h. The gel was washed with double distilled (dd) H2O, air-dried and blocked with 5% skimmed milk. VWF multimers were detected by immunoblotting with a rabbit anti-human VWF antibody (Dako).
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6

Quantifying Human Plasma VWF and OPG Levels

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Human plasma VWF:Ag levels were measured using a previously described enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (37 (link)). In brief, Maxisorp plates (Nunc, Roskilde, Denmark) were coated with rabbit anti-human VWF antibody (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) in 50 mM sodium carbonate buffer. After blocking with 3% bovine serum albumin (Sigma) test samples or reference plasma were then added at appropriate dilutions. Bound VWF was subsequently detected using horseradish peroxidase–conjugated (HRP) rabbit anti-human VWF antibody (Dako). Following further washing, HRP substrate 3,3’,5,5’-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB; Substrate Reagent Pack, R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK) was then added, and the reaction finally terminated by addition of 1 M H2SO4. Absorbance was read at 450 nM using a VERSAmax microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Winnersh, UK). Human and murine plasma OPG levels were determined using commercial OPG ELISAs (Osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B DuoSet®, R&D Systems) performed in accordance with the manufacturer’s guidelines.
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7

Plasma vWF Antigen and Activity

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Plasma vWF antigen was determined by latex immunoassay (LIA). Plasma vWF activity was determined by collagenbinding assay using rabbit-anti-human vWF antibody (DAKO, NY, USA) for detection and type III collagen from placenta (Thermo, NY, USA) for capturing.
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