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α glucosidase enzyme

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Sourced in Germany, United States

α-glucosidase enzyme is a hydrolytic enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of alpha-1,4-glucosidic linkages in complex carbohydrates, releasing glucose molecules. It plays a vital role in carbohydrate metabolism.

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Lab products found in correlation

Acarbose, by Merck Group (7 mentions) Quercetin, by Merck Group (6 mentions) Gallic acid, by Merck Group (6 mentions) 2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Glycine, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (4 mentions) P nitrophenyl α d glucopyranose, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Absolute ethanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Phosphate buffer, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Trolox, by Merck Group (3 mentions) P nitrophenyl α d glucopyranoside, by Merck Group (3 mentions) α amylase, by Merck Group (3 mentions) α amylase enzyme, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Chloroform, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Trimethylsilyl propionic acid d4 sodium salt tsp, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Griess reagent, by Merck Group (2 mentions) 4 nitrophenyl α d glucopyranoside, by Merck Group (2 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

α-glucosidase (287 citations) Yeast α-glucosidase enzyme (3 citations) α-glucosidase enzyme solution (2 citations) α-Glucosidase type IV enzyme (2 citations)

24 protocols using α glucosidase enzyme

1

Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Evaluation

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Streptozotocin, gliclazide, and 1-deoxynojirimycin were purchased from Sigma Co., USA. αglucosidase enzyme and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ascorbic acid, acarbose, 4nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany.
Biodiagnostic transaminase kits (AST and ALT), creatinine, urea and insulin kits (Bio-merieux Co., France) were used to determine serum levels of different biochemical markers in the treated animals. Solvents used for HPLC analysis were of HPLC grade and were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Gallic acid and quercetin were obtained from E-Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). External reference standards for identification of major flavonoids and phenolic acids (rutin, quercetrin, quercetin, hesperidin, chlorogenic acid, -coumaric acid, cinnamic acid) were kindly supplied by Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
Hago S., Mahrous E.A., Moawad M., Abdel-Wahab S, & Abdel-Sattar E. (2021). Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Morus nigra L. and Bauhinia variegata L. leaves as Egyptian remedies used for the treatment of diabetes. Natural product research, 35(5).
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2

Chromatographic Analysis of Phytochemicals

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Phosphate buffer, glycine, α-glucosidase enzyme, p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranose (PNPG) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Hamburg, Germany). Analytical grade solvents including absolute ethanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The NMR chemicals including deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 (DMSO-d6) and trimethylsilyl propionic acid-d4 sodium salt (TSP) were also supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The LC/MS grade acetonitrile and formic acid were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was prepared using a Milli-Q purification system.
Lee S.Y., Mediani A., Ismail I.S., M.a.u.l.i.d.i.a.n.i, & Abas F. (2019). Antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitors from Neptunia oleracea fractions using 1H NMR-based metabolomics approach and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 19, 7.
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3

Phytochemicals Extraction and Evaluation

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The extraction solvents ethanol, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate n-butanol and the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were supplied by Shanghai Chemical Reagent Corp. (Shanghai, China). The different standards used for the assays comprising gallic acid, rutin, ascorbic acid (Vit C), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Trolox, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,4,6-Tri (2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TPTZ), and indomethacin with a purity ≥99.5% were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corp (Shanghai, China). The HPLC grade solvents acetonitrile (ACN), methanol, and formic acid (FA) were obtained from TEDIA Company Inc. (Fairfield, OH, United States). The p-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside (p-NPG) substrate was acquired from Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Corp. The COX-2 inhibitor screening assay kit (No: S0168) was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). The α-glucosidase enzyme was bought from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, United States) whereas Wuhan Antgene Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China) supplied the COX-2 enzyme. The centrifugal ultrafiltration membranes 10 kDa Cut-off (YM-10) were purchased from Millipore Co. Ltd. (Bedford, MA, United States). Finally, Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co. (Shanghai, China) supplied the phytochemical standards vitexin and astragalin (≥98%).
Rakotondrabe T.F., Fan M, & Guo M. (2022). Exploring potential antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa with an integrated strategy. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13, 980945.
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4

NMR, HRESIMS, and Bioassays Protocols

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For nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopic (HRESIMS) spectra, the Bruker Avance III and MicrOTOF-Q mass spectrometers have been selected. The following deuterated solvents were used to record the 1H NMR (500, 600 MHz) and 13C NMR (125, 150 MHz) spectra: CDCl3, DMSO-d6, and CD3OD. Normal-phase and reverse-phase silica gel (Merck) were used for thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The Himedia silica gel 60 was utilized for the column chromatography (CC) procedure. For the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory experiment, yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, α-glucosidase enzyme (Sigma-Aldrich, EC3.2.1.20) and the positive control acarbose (Sigma-Aldrich, EC260-030-7) were acquired. For the NO inhibition experiment, Griess' reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, EC215-981-2) and the positive control, L-NMMA (Merck, M7033), were utilized.
Ngoc Mai T.T., Minh P.N., Phat N.T., Chi M.T., Duong T.H., Nhi Phan N.H., Minh An T.N., Dang V.S., Van Hue N., Hong Anh N.T, & Tri M.D. (2024). In vitro and in silico docking and molecular dynamic of antimicrobial activities, alpha-glucosidase, and anti-inflammatory activity of compounds from the aerial parts of Mussaenda saigonensis. RSC Advances, 14(17), 12081-12095.
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5

Enzymatic Assay of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

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α-Glucosidase enzyme was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., miglitol was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry, acarbose was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., n-hexane, ethanol (EtOAc), methanol (MeOH), chloroform (CHCl3), DMSO, and dichloromethane.
Mauldina M.G., Sauriasari R, & Elya B. (2017). α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng Stem Bark Containing Triterpenoids. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 13(52), 590-594.
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6

α-Glucosidase Enzyme Inhibition Assay

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We obtained the α-Glucosidase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.20, Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany); HEPE Strisbuffer, 4-nitrophenyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sodium sulphate (Na2SO4), acetazolamide, phosphate-buffered saline, p-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside, sodium nitroprusside, sodium hydroxide, and sodium hypochlorite (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany); nutrient agar and potato dextrose agar (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Taufkirchen, Germany); and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS-QP2010, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).
Ullah O., Shah M., Rehman N.U., Ullah S., Al-Sabahi J.N., Alam T., Khan A., Khan N.A., Rafiq N., Bilal S, & Al-Harrasi A. (2022). Aroma Profile and Biological Effects of Ochradenus arabicus Essential Oils: A Comparative Study of Stem, Flowers, and Leaves. Molecules, 27(16), 5197.
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7

Enzymatic Assays for α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase

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The α-glucosidase enzyme (CAS No.: 9001-42-7), 4-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside (CAS No.: 3767-28-0), α-amylase (CAS No.: 9000-90-2), 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-α-D-maltotrioside (CAS No.:118291-90-0), acarbose (CAS No.: 56180-94-0), and quercetin (CAS No.: 117-39-5) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Gallic acid and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Molychem (India) and Himedia (India), respectively. Dimethyl sulphoxide, sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate, and other chemicals were purchased from Fisher Scientific (India).
Aryal B., Niraula P., Khadayat K., Adhikari B., Khatri Chhetri D., Sapkota B.K., Bhattarai B.R., Aryal N, & Parajuli N. (2021). Antidiabetic, Antimicrobial, and Molecular Profiling of Selected Medicinal Plants. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2021, 5510099.
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8

LCMS-based Biochemical Assay Protocol

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LCMS grade formic acid, methanol, acetonitrile, water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sodium phosphate buffer, and absolute ethanol were supplied by Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Other chemicals including p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranose (PNPG), α-glucosidase enzyme, α-amylase enzyme, glycine, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS), potato starch, and sodium phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All the standard compounds including acarbose, quercetin, daidzein, quercitrin, kaempferol, formononetin, 6-hydroxyflavanone, and geniposide were purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium) with >98% purity.
Zolkeflee N.K., Ramli N.S., Azlan A, & Abas F. (2022). In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Activities and UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Profile of Muntingia calabura Leaves Extract. Molecules, 27(1), 287.
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9

Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds

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All chemicals and enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme) used in this study were purchase from Sigma Aldrich. Avance Bruker 500 MHz has been used for carrying out 1H-NMR and 13C–NMR. FTIR (PerkinElmer) was employed to study the functional groups of the compounds. HR-MS were determined on Agilent 6330 Ion Trap using positive/negative mode. Elemental analysis was performed using PerkinElmer instrument. Melting point was recorded on Stuart (SMP-10) melting point apparatus. Pre-coated silica gel aluminum foils (Germany) were utilized for execution of thin layer chromatography (TLC). UV lamp was used for visualizing chromatograms.
Nawaz M., Taha M., Qureshi F., Ullah N., Selvaraj M., Shahzad S., Chigurupati S., Waheed A, & Almutairi F.A. (2020). Structural elucidation, molecular docking, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition studies of 5-amino-nicotinic acid derivatives. BMC Chemistry, 14(1), 43.
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10

Phytochemical and Antioxidant Assays

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Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), gallic acid (purity of 97%), quercetin (purity of >95%), curcumin (purity of >98%), phosphate buffer, α-glucosidase enzyme, glycine, 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and p-nitrophenyl- α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Absolute ethanol was purchased from Merck Millipore International (Darmstadt, Germany). The reagents used for cell culture including media Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) containing 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) and L-glutamine (with and without phenol red), penicillin-streptomycin antibiotic solution, fetal bovine serum (FBS), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte-trazolium bromide (MTT), and TrypLE Express enzyme were obtained from Gibco/BRL Life Technologies Inc. (Eggenstein, Germany). Recombinant murine IFN-γ, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 (DMSO) and trimethylsilyl propionic acid-d4 sodium salt (TSP) were purchased from Merck Millipore International (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was purified by a MiliQ system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
Hellal K., Maulidiani M., Ismail I.S., Tan C.P, & Abas F. (2020). Antioxidant, α-Glucosidase, and Nitric Oxide Inhibitory Activities of Six Algerian Traditional Medicinal Plant Extracts and 1H-NMR-Based Metabolomics Study of the Active Extract. Molecules, 25(5), 1247.
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