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Automatic sphygmomanometer

Manufactured by Omron
Sourced in Japan, Germany

The Automatic sphygmomanometer is a device used to measure blood pressure automatically. It consists of an inflatable cuff that is placed around the arm and a mechanism that automatically inflates and deflates the cuff to determine the systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings.

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16 protocols using automatic sphygmomanometer

1

Anthropometric and Blood Pressure Measurements

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Height was measured to the nearest 0.5 cm using Sanny® stadiometer (Personal Portable Caprice, Fortaleza, Brazil), and weight was measured with a scale (Felizona, serie 3.134). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. Waist circumference was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm at the umbilicus level with a fiberglass measuring tape.
Blood pressure was measured at rest three times in the right arm using an automatic sphygmomanometer (OMRON Healthcare, Kyoto, Japan), and we used the mean of the last two values obtained.
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2

Evaluating Physical Activity and Health

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Subjects’ body mass (kg) was evaluated unshod and in light clothing using a digital scale (Seca, Germany) to the nearest 100 g. Height was measured without shoes in a standing position using a fixed tape measure to the nearest 0.5 cm. Finally, BMI was calculated by dividing weight (kg) by the square of height (meters).
The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form was applied to assess subjects’ physical activity during the last 7 days and was expressed as the metabolic equivalent task (MET)-min/week (26 (link)). The validity and reliability of this questionnaire have previously been evaluated in Iranian adult women. Blood pressure was measured for all participants using an automatic sphygmomanometer (OMRON, Germany) on the left arm in a sitting position after a rest of at least 10 minutes. By selecting an appropriate cuff size and preventing patients from speaking during measurements, errors were avoided.
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3

Comprehensive Clinical Data Collection

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The general clinical data of the patients were collected, including age, sex, dialysis vintage, blood pressure before dialysis, height and dry weight, fractional clearance index for urea (Kt/V), concomitant diseases (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, and CVD) and current medications (e.g., calcium, cinacalcet, ACEI or ARB drugs). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured using an automatic sphygmomanometer (Omron, Japan). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using the following formula: BMI = (weight after dialysis)/height [2 (link)]. Predialysis hemoglobin, albumin, uric acid, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and brain natriuretic peptide were measured using routine laboratory methods.
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4

Comprehensive Biomarker Assessment Protocol

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Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides levels were measured using Cobas Integra 400 Plus Analyzer (Roche Diagnostic Limited, Switzerland). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were calculated using the Friedewald equation.20 (link) All participants in the study provided a venous collected blood specimen which was used for HIV testing using two parallel HIV kits – UnigoldTM Recombigen® and Determine HIV-1/2 (Abbott Laboratories, Japan) as per manufacturer instructions. CD4 cell count was measured using an automated BD FACS Calibur Machine (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). After an overnight fast for >8 hours, fasting blood glucose levels were measured from a sterile finger prick blood sample using an automated machine (OneTouch Select, LifeScan, CA, USA). The OneTouch Select reports a plasma glucose equivalent and has been shown to be >90% accurate (compared to venous plasma glucose measurement) in diagnosing diabetes mellitus. KCMC physicians measured blood pressure with an automatic sphygmomanometer (Omron, Kyoto, Japan) in a quiet, private room after resting for at least 5 minutes with the average of three readings recorded.21 (link)
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5

Anthropometric and Blood Pressure Measurements

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Body weight was determined in light clothes and without shoes, using a Tanita body composition monitor (Tanita TBF-300 GS), and the height was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm using a stadiometer (Seca, Hamburg, Germany). From these measurements, BMI was calculated (BMI = weight/height2, kg/m2). Subjects were classified by BMI, obese ≥ 30 kg/m2 and normal-weight < 24.9 kg/m2, and by obesity class based on the criteria by the World Health Organization [32 ]. The body circumferences were measured with an anthropometric tape accurately within ±0.1 cm (Seca, 201, Hamburg, Germany). Blood pressure was measured in the sitting position with an automatic sphygmomanometer (OMRON) on the left arm after 10 min rest. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were calculated from two readings with a minimal interval of 10 min.
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6

Automated Blood Pressure Measurement

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Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) were assessed after 15 min of rest using an automatic sphygmomanometer (OMRON, Germany). Three measurements at 1-min intervals were taken and averaged.
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7

Baseline Anthropometric Measurements

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The first visit to the laboratory involved an initial briefing and screening process. Participants were provided with information on the study procedures and given a detailed overview before each trial.
Baseline stature (to the nearest cm) and body mass (to the nearest kg) were recorded by a stadiometer (Seca 220, Hamburg, Germany) and scales (Seca 220, Hamburg, Germany). Resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured alongside these variables, using an automatic sphygmomanometer (Omron Healthcare Ltd, Kyoto, Japan).
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8

Comprehensive Psychosomatic Evaluation of Headaches

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We collected demographic and anamnestic data, including headache features. All individuals were evaluated by an expert psychologist and neurologist through several self-rating and interview-based validated questionnaires and tests: a revised version of Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) [20 (link)] to identify subjects with the psychosomatic syndrome Allostatic Overload, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 to assess DSM-5 diagnosis (SCID-5-CV) [21 ], Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) grade [22 (link)], Mini-Mental State Score (MMSE), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) [23 ]. All individuals were comprehensively assessed with blood and 24-h urinary tests. Additionally, weight, height, hip, and waist diameter were collected, as well as heart rate and arterial blood pressure, measured with an automatic sphygmomanometer (OMRON Healthcare) three times after at least 30 min of lying.
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9

Comprehensive Anthropometric Assessment Protocol

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Height was measured using Seca 216 to the nearest 0.1 cm and weight of subjects was also assessed using Seca scale to the nearest 0.1 kg, with light clothes and unshod, in a standing position. WC was measured at the point of the smallest girth by a trained expert. BMI was calculated as weight/(height)2. In addition, other anthropometric variables were measured using a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer InBody 770 scanner (Inbody Co., Seoul, Korea), with participants wearing light clothes without any metal subjects39 (link). In addition, physical activity (PA) was assessed via the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire40 (link). All participants' blood pressure was monitored using an automatic sphygmomanometer according to established procedures (OMRON, Germany).
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10

Effects of E-Cigarette and Tobacco Smoking on Cardiorespiratory Fitness

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All participants started their sessions from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Participants were required to refrain from smoking for at least six hours, not to drink coffee and eat at least two hours before arriving at the laboratory. After arrival, they were asked to rest for 5–10 min. Next, HR and BP were measured using a HR monitor (Pulse Oximeter, Elitecth, PT. Sinko Prima Alloy, Surabaya, Indonesia) and automatic sphygmomanometer (Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) to obtain the baseline data.
After the medical examination, participants were asked to smoke EC or TC without knowing the dosage of nicotine, HR and BP were measured immediately after smoking. Puffs and smoking duration were calculated during this session. Participants then performed a maximal multistage 20 m of shuttle run test (MMST). Heart rate and BP were measured again immediately after the MMST test. The levels and shuttles of running during the MMST test were recorded to predict the maximal oxygen uptake ( V˙ O2max) and to assess the time to exhaustion.
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