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5 protocols using na2hpo4 2h2o

1

Evaluating Cellular Responses to ZnO Nanoparticles

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Alpha-amylase, CaCl2 ∙ 2H2O, 4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA), MgCl2 ∙ 6H2O, mucin, ox bile, pancreatin, paraformaldehyde, pepsin, trypsin and ZnO nanopowder (#677450 and #544906) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Taufkirchen, Germany. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), foetal bovine serum (FBS), non-essential amino acids, penicillin/streptomycin, and trypsin/EDTA were obtained from PAN-Biotech GmbH, Aidenbach, Germany. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), dimethyl sulfoxide, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran, hydrogen peroxide (30%), nitric acid (Suprapur), and triton X-100 were acquired from Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. 2-((3-Chlorophenyl) hydrazinylidene) propanedinitrile (CCCP) and ZnCl2 were procured from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA. Carbamide, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), KCl, KH2PO4, NaCl, NaHCO3, and Na2HPO4 ∙ 2H2O were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG, Karlsruhe, Germany. Cacodylic acid and glutaraldehyde were bought from Serva Electrophoresis GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany. 5,5′,6,6′-Tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) was obtained from Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany. Phalloidin-iFlour 488 reagent was acquired from Abcam plc., Cambridge, UK.
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2

Cell Viability and Luciferase Assays

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Cell culture flasks and 96-well plates were purchased from Sarstedt (Nürnbrecht, Germany). Cell culture media (Dulbecco’s Minimal Essential Medium (DMEM) and Eagle’s Minimal Essential Medium (EMEM) without phenol red) and supplements (fetal bovine serum (FBS), charcoal–dextran stripped FBS (CD-FBS), blasticidin S HCl and geneticin (G418)) were produced from Gibco and obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham/MA, USA). ZEN, α-ZEL, E2, (Z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH-TAM) and sulforhodamine B (SRB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Schnelldorf, Germany). DAI, EQ, and GEN were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay Cedex, France) whereas dimethly sulfoxide (DMSO), NaCl, KCl, Na2HPO4, Na2HPO4 * 2 H2O, and KH2PO4 were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG (Karlsruhe, Germany). The CellTiter-Blue® Cell Viability Assay Kit and ONE-Glo™ EX luciferase assay system were obtained from Promega Corporation (Madison/WI, USA).
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3

Assessing Estrogenic Mycotoxin Effects

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Cell culture 96-well plates and flasks were obtained from Sarstedt (Nürnbrecht, Germany). Cell culture media (Minimal Essential Medium (MEM) and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium/F12 (DMEM/F-12) without phenol red) and supplements (fetal bovine serum (FBS), charcoal-stripped FBS (CD-FBS), L-glutamine and penicillin–streptomycin (P/S)) were purchased from Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, (Waltham/MA, USA). Zearalenone (ZEN), α-zearalenol (α-ZEL), α-zearalanol (α-ZAL), 17-β-estradiol (E2), 4-nitrophenylphosphate, diethanolamine, magnesium chloride and sulforhodamine B (SRB) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Schnelldorf, Germany), whereas daidzein (DAI), equol (EQ), genistein (GEN) and glycitein (GLY) were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay Cedex, France). Dimethly sulfoxide (DMSO), NaCl, KCl, Na2HPO4, Na2HPO4 × 2 H2O and KH2PO4 were purchased from Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). ZEN-4-sulfate ammonium salt was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas/TX, USA) and is the same compound as ZEN-14-sulfate (ZEN-14-S) using the newer International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) numbering system (Metzler 2011 (link)). The CellTiter-Blue® Cell Viability Assay Kit was purchased from Promega Corporation (Madison/WI, USA).
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4

D. discoideum Actin Dynamics Imaging

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Cells of D. discoideum strain AX2 (clone: EB27-3-4), expressing LimEdeltacc-GFP as an actin probe, were a gift from Günther Gerisch (MPI of Biochemistry, Martinsried). The cells were cultivated at 22°C in 10 cm cell culture dishes (Greiner Bio-one) with nutrient medium containing 10 μg/ml of G418 (Sigma-Aldrich). Nutrient medium consists of 7.15 g Bacto™ Yeast Extract (Thermo Fisher), 14.3 g Bacto™ Peptone (Thermo Fisher), 18.0 g D-(+)-maltose monohydrate (Sigma-Aldrich), 0.0486 g KH2PO4 (Roth), 0.616 g Na2HPO4 * 2H2O (Roth) in 1 L cell culture water (Sigma-Aldrich), was adjusted to pH 6.7, and subsequently filtered by the use of a 0.45 µm porous membrane (Filtropur; Sarstedt). The cells were split every 2–3 days in a ratio of 1:5–1:10, before the cell monolayers became confluent. For starvation, 5 * 106 cells were shaken overnight (60 turns/min) at 22°C in an Erlenmeyer flask (volume: 10 ml) with 3 ml phosphate buffer (17 mM; 2.0 g KH2PO4 and 0.356 g Na2HPO4 * 2H2O in 1 L cell culture water, pH 6.0) placed on a shaker with orbital motion (GFL 3015; Fisher Scientific) and subsequently used for microfluidic experiments.
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of Redox-Active Compounds

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Na2HPO4.2 H2O, NaH2PO4.2 H2O, NaCl and potassium ferricyanide were purchased from Carl Roth; potassium ferrocyanide, neutral red (NR) from Sigma. All chemicals had higher purity than 98% and were used without further purification. Humic acid (20 wt% ash) and lignin (alkali) were from Aldrich.
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