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59 protocols using artis zee

1

Retrospective Analysis of Vein of Galen Malformation Embolization

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This study retrospectively analyzed anonymized angiography studies previously obtained in the course of normal care and was exempt from ethics board review. Operations were performed by one of two interventional neuroradiologists of at least 5 years post fellowship experience, under general anesthesia, with neuromuscular relaxation, on a bi-plane Siemens Artis Zee (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) machine. Pre- and post-embolization angiograms were acquired with: the X-ray detectors and table in the same positions, ventilation suspended, hand injection of 2-3 cc of Omnipaque™ 240 (iohexol) (GE Healthcare, Chicago, Illinois, USA) through a 4 French catheter with its tip positioned in the internal carotid or vertebral arteries, and depending on operator preference a field of view of 22 cm (1024 x 1024 pixels) or 32 cm (1440 x 1440 pixels) and a variable frame rate of 4, 7.5 or 15 frames/second up to four seconds then 1 frame/second.
We test our proposed method on lateral and frontal projection pre- and post-embolization angiograms taken at the first embolization of vein of Galen malformation in 5 babies ≤ 2 weeks old.
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2

Bench-top Imaging of Edwards Sapien XT Valve

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Bench‐top imaging was carried out on the three currently available Edwards Sapien XT Valve sizes: 23, 26 and 29 mm, using a modern, fluoroscopic system with a flat detector (Siemens Artis Zee; Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). This X‐ray system has annual compliance testing performed by a medical physicist to ensure X‐ray beam quality. This is an advanced cardiovascular image system with 3D capability and as such, the manufacturer specifies that the accuracy of C‐arm anglulations are within 0.1°.
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3

Coronary Angiography Protocol for Stenosis Evaluation

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CA was performed using the on-site existing angiograph: Siemens Artis Zee (Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). Coronary stenosis severity was estimated both visually and by quantitative coronary analysis methods. The highest degree of stenosis was taken into consideration. After CA, the coronary stenoses were classified as significant (>70%), nonsignificant (<50%) or borderline (between 50% and 70%). Significant left main (LM) disease was defined in the presence of a >50% stenosis.
The culprit lesion was identified based on electrocardiographic changes, echocardiographic wall motion abnormalities and angiographic appearance. Multivessel disease was diagnosed in the presence of a significant stenosis in any of the non-culprit vessels or LM disease. Coronary flow was assessed according to the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction score.
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4

Angiographic Evaluation of Intracranial Aneurysms

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Angiographic examinations were performed using a biplane neuro-angiography unit (Siemens Artis Zee, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) with an image intensifier matrix of 2048 × 2048. Using a right femoral artery approach, conventional internal carotid angiograms were obtained after injection of 6-8 mL of iodinated contrast medium (Visipaque 270, GE Healthcare, Princeton, NJ) at a flow rate of 4-6 mL/sec.
For rotational angiography, after collimating the patient's head to isolate the aneurysmal region, the C-arm was rotated over a 200-degree range at a rate of 40 degrees/sec for 5 seconds. Contrast medium was injected at a flow rate of 2-3 mL/sec for 6 sec. Data obtained were then transferred to an external processing workstation (Syngo Workplace, Siemens Medical Solutions) to generate a volume rendering (VR) image using the vendor supplied 3D software (Inspace, Siemens Medical Solutions).
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5

Angiographic Procedures in Vascular Interventions

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The vascular access was via the femoral artery for all angiographic procedures, which were performed by a single interventional radiologist with more than 13 years of experience in interventional procedures. The intra-arterial contrast was injected manually in all cases. Depending on the location of the pathology, antegrade- or retrograde crossover approaches were decided by the angiographer. The diagnostic angiograms were performed with a 5F sheath/catheter, and interventions were performed with a 6F sheath. The angiographer judged contrast (Ultravist 300, Bayer Vital GmbH) volumes individually, where a dilution of 3:2 was commonly used. All procedures were performed in the angiography suite of the hospital (30 × 40 cm detector, Siemens Artis Zee, Siemens Healthineers AG, Erlangen, Germany) with standard image acquisition protocols for lower-limb angiography (2 frames/second). The angiograms were acquired in different angulations in the presence of implants to allow better visualization of blood vessels. The image acquisition was identical for DSA and DVA, whereas the post-processing of both these images from the same non-subtracted image series was different.
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6

Fluoroscopy-Guided Interventional Procedures

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All the procedures were either performed in the interventional radiology angiosuites or hybrid operating rooms with the following ceiling-mounted C-arm systems; the Siemens Axiom Artis dTA (Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) and Siemens Artis zee (Siemens Healthcare) in the angio-suites, and the Philips Alura Xper FD20 (Philips Healthcare, Eindhoven, the Netherlands) in the hybrid operating room. Default settings used were a pulse rate of 3.0 and 7.5 pulses/s for background fluoroscopy in the angiosuites and hybrid operating rooms, respectively, and 2 frames/s for digital subtraction angiography acquisitions for all rooms. The fluoroscopy equipment was controlled by a trained radiographer for each procedure.
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7

Videofluoroscopic Assessment of Mouse Swallowing

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A 2:1 ratio of Fritos® Brand Mild Cheddar Flavored Cheese Dip and 40% wt/v barium was used for videofluoroscopic assessment of swallow function. Mice to be assessed through videofluoroscopy were offered the cheese for five days prior to testing. Mice were additionally food regulated overnight prior to the testing session. On the morning of testing, mice in individual cages were offered the barium and cheese mixture on a small platform placed on the cage floor. Subsequent feeding was recorded at a rate of 30 fps with an Artis Zee (Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany). The videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) videos were analyzed in Image J using selected measures for high-power VFSS for mice as previously described[31 (link)]. Swallow rate was calculated by analyzing no fewer than three 2-second episodes of continuous feeding. The number of consecutive swallows during each 2-second interval were counted and averaged for each mouse[31 (link)]. Interswallow Interval (ISI) was assessed by determining the amount of time elapsing between consecutive swallows during continuous feeding, and was averaged from 3 to 5 iterations per mouse[31 (link)].
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8

Endovascular Angiographic Evaluation and Management

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Patients who were positive to endoleaks or showed contrasting results underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The procedure was carried out through a digital angiographer (Artis Zee; Siemens, Berlin, Germany). Aortography was carried out through transfemoral access with a 4F pigtail catheter (Cordis Endovascular, Miami Lakes, FL) positioned above the renal arteries by injecting 20 mL of iodinated contrast at a speed of 20 mL/ sec, to evaluate the flow inside endoprostheses, the patency of the splanchnic arteries and of the iliofemoral runoff, and the presence of endoleaks.
The following selective catheterizations were also carried out according to the diagnostic results and indications of US with CEUS and SMI and CTA: ot the superior mesenteric artery, by means ot a SIM 1 4F catheter (Cordis Endovascular) to evaluate collateral flow of the arc ot Riolan and the complete exclusion of the inferior mesenteric artery and of the internal iliac arteries bilaterally to evaluate revascularization through the iliolumbar arteries. In case of an endoleak with a progressive growth ot the aneurysm sac, treatment with definitive embolic agents or prosthesis segments (aortic cuffs) was performed for type I endoleak and percutaneous embolization or intra-arterial embolization for type II.
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9

Diagnostic Digital Subtraction Angiography

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For all patients, DSA was performed with a bipalanar unit (Artis zee; Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany) within a month after MRI examination to identify the feeding artery, the location of fistula, and the direction of the draining vein. The images were evaluated by three observers with 35, 18, and 10 years’ experience in the field of neuroradiology.
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10

Upside-Down Cardiac Catheterization Techniques

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We retrospectively evaluated all consecutive paediatric and adult patients who underwent cardiac catheterisation under conscious sedation or general anaesthesia via neck access with upside-down positioning between March 2016 and May 2019. Of note, upside-down positioning results in a changed angiographic orientation: cranial becomes caudal in both the A and B planes; in addition, right is right and left is left in the A plane (break with the standard X-ray convention). On the Siemens Artis zee, fluoroscopy can be digitally inverted and mirrored live during image acquisition, if the examiner requests so. Upside-down position is shown in online supplementary 1. Depending on the indication, transcervical access via the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein as well as trans-subclavian access had been established percutaneously. Baseline demographics comprised age, gender, body surface area and patients’ diagnoses. Moreover, the indication for catheterisation and procedure-related data were reviewed, including the individual’s X-ray exposure as fluoroscopy times and dose area products.
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