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7 protocols using anti myosin heavy chain

1

Immunocytochemical Analysis of Myogenesis

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Mouse monoclonal anti-myogenin and anti-myosin heavy chain (MHC) were obtained from Abcam Japan (Tokyo, Japan) and R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA), respectively. Mouse monoclonal anti-troponin T and anti-vinculin, along with FITC-labeled phalloidin, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Japan (Tokyo, Japan). Rat monoclonal anti-HA and anti-NCAM (MAB310) were purchased from Roche Diagnostics GmbH (Mannheim, Germany) and Merck Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA), respectively. Other mAbs were purchased from Transduction Laboratories (Lexington, KY, USA). All secondary antibodies were obtained from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories (West Grove, PA, USA).
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Neuronal Markers

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Tissues were rehydrated with PBS for 5 minutes, and treated with hydrogen peroxide/methanol to quench endogenous peroxidase activity. After rinsing with water, sections were washed twice in PBS for 5 minutes, followed by 30 minutes of incubation with 3% horse serum/PBS/0.3% triton X-100. After excess fluid was drained, sections were incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies including anti-neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS; 1:200; Santa Cruz Biotechnologies, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; 1:200; Millipore Corp, Bedford, MA, USA), anti-choline acetyltransferase (ChAT; 1:200; Millipore, , Bedford, MA, USA) and anti-myosin heavy chain (MHC; 1:500; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) . Secondary antibodies used included Alexa-488- and Alexa-594- conjugated antibodies (1:500; Invitrogen). Nuclei were stained with DAPI. For image analysis, five randomly selected fields per tissue were photographed and recorded using Retiga Q Image digital still camera and ACT-1 software (Nikon Instruments Inc., Melville, NY).
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3

Immunofluorescence Imaging of Cardiomyocytes

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For immunofluorescence of cardiomyocytes, four-day-old ES cell-derived EBs were dissociated and seeded into 8-well chamber slides precoated with 0.1% gelatin. Induced cardiomyocytes were fixed on day 7 of differentiation in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min at room temperature, washed (3 x 1X PBS), permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100 in 1X PBS for 10 min, and blocked (10% fetal bovine serum [FBS], 0.1% Tween 20 in 1X PBS) for 30 min. Anti-myosin heavy chain (Abcam) was applied overnight, followed by PBS washes (3 x 1X PBS), and incubation with goat anti-mouse Alexa 546 (Invitrogen) for 1 hr. Cells were incubated in DAPI (200 ng/mL in ethanol) for 30 min and visualized by confocal microscopy on a Zeiss 710.
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4

Immunofluorescence Staining of C2C12 Myocytes

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Cellular immunostaining was carried out using previously reported protocols with slight modifications [19 (link)]. Briefly, C2C12 cells were grown in 24-well plates, fixed with 4% formaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 20 min and permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS for 20 min, both at room temperature. Cells were blocked and incubated with primary antibodies for 3 h at room temperature or overnight at 4 °C at the following dilutions: anti-myosin heavy chain (1:100; Abcam) with 1% bovine serum albumin and 0.05% Triton X-100 in PBS. Indirect immunofluorescence was detected after incubation with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-mouse IgG (1:500; Abcam) for 1 h at room temperature. Cell nuclei were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindoledihydrochloride for 5–10 min. After several washes with PBS, the cells were examined under a fluorescence microscope (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).
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5

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Conditioned Cardiac Cells

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Conditioned CDCs were grown on Nunc Lab-Tek® four-well chamber slides precoated with 10 μg/ml fibronectin and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich) for 10 min on ice. Fixed cells were blocked with 10% donkey serum (Biosera) in 0.1% PBS-Tween [0.9% NaCl, 10 mM Tris base, and 0.05% Tween (all Sigma-Aldrich)] for 1 h at room temperature and then incubated overnight, at 4°C in a humidified chamber, with the primary antibodies anti-cardiac troponin I (cTnI) (1:1,000; Abcam), anti-α-sarcomeric actin (1:1,000; Abcam), anti-myosin heavy chain (1:1,000; Abcam), anti-c-Kit (1:1,000; Santa Cruz), anti-CD90 (1:1,000; BD Pharmingen) anti-Oct-4 (1:1,000; Santa Cruz), anti-Klf-4 (1:1,000; Abcam), anti-Nanog (1:1,000; Abcam), or anti-Sox 2 (1:1,000; Santa Cruz) diluted in PBS in the ratio 1:100. Cells were then incubated with the appropriate secondary antibody conjugated to FITC and the immunofluorescence detected using a confocal microscope (Zeiss Confocal LSM 700). For confocal cytometry, the number of positive cells for each protein was counted in 10 representative fields.
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6

Protein Expression Analysis in C2C12 Myoblasts

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Western blotting and antibodies: total proteins of the C2C12 cells were extracted with RIPA buffer supplemented with a protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Mannheim, Germany). Protein concentration was determined using a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit (Thermo Scientific, Beijing, USA). The primary antibodies used are as follows: β-tubulin (Cat #10094-1-AP, 1:5,000; Proteintech, Wuhan, Hubei, China), myogenin (Cat # ab1835, 1:2000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), HMGA1 (Cat #ab129153, 1:1,000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), and DNMT1 (Cat # 24206-1-AP; Proteintech, Wuhan, Hubei, China). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:10,000; Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) were also used.
Cell immunostaining: The C2C12 cells were cultured on glass coverslip in 24-well plates, then fixed with 4% formaldehyde in PBS buffer, permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS for 10 min, and blocked with 1% bovine serum albumin for 15 min. The primary antibody anti-myosin heavy chain (1:100; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) was used. Indirect immunofluorescence was detected with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-mouse IgG secondary antibodies (Cat #A-11001; Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA).
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7

Immunostaining of C2C12 Myogenic Cells

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The immunostaining of cells was carried out with slight modifications of the previously reported protocols.38 (link) The C2C12 cells were grown on sterile glass coverslip in 24-well plates, fixed with 4% formaldehyde in PBS for 20 min at room temperature and permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100 in ice-cold PBS for 10 min. The pretreated cells were blocked with 1% bovine serum albumin for 15 min and incubated with primary antibodies for 3 h at room temperature or overnight at 4 °C at the following dilutions: anti-Myosin heavy chain (1 : 100; Abcam) and anti-Flag (1 : 25; Proteintech). The indirect immunofluorescence was detected after incubation with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-mouse/rabbit IgG (1 : 500; Abcam). The cell nuclei were stained with 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) for 5 min. After several washes with PBS, the cells were subjected to a fluorescence microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).
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