Cid16020046

All salts were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Mallinkrodt-Baker, or Fisher Scientific. Picrotoxin, CID16020046 and Lysophosphatidylinositol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. QX 314 bromide was purchased from Tocris. LPI was dissolved in ethanol (1mg into 100 µL EtOH + 100 µL DDH₂O) and aliquots were stored in −20 freezer.

(R,R’)-4-methoxy-1-naphthylfenoterol (MNF) was synthesized as described previously [24 (link)]. Radiolabeled [³H]-thymidine (10 Ci/mmol) was purchased from PerkinElmer Life Science (Waltham, MA); human recombinant insulin, AM251, doxorubicin, gemcitabine, and CID 16020046 were from Sigma-Aldrich (St-Louis, MO), while the Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Extraction Reagents (NE-PER Kit) was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640 medium, Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM), trypsin solution, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100X solutions of sodium pyruvate (100 mM), L-glutamine (200 mM), and penicillin/streptomycin (a mixture of 10,000 units/ml penicillin and 10,000 μg/ml streptomycin) were obtained from Quality Biological (Gaithersburg, MD).