Alexa fluor 488 conjugated goat anti rabbit secondary antibody for immunofluorescence

Isoproterenol (ISO) and TGF-β were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). Antibodies against HMGA1, α-SMA, MMP9, and PCNA were acquired from Abcam. Antibodies against GAPDH, total FOXO1, and phosphorylated (P)-FOXO1 (9461P) were acquired from Cell Signaling Technology. Antibodies against collagen III were acquired from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. The GT Vision^TM + Detection System/Mo&Rb reagent for immunohistochemistry was purchased from Gene Technology (Shanghai, China). An Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody for immunofluorescence was obtained from LI-COR Biosciences.

Geniposide (≥98% purity, as detected by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis) was purchased from Shanghai Winherb Medical Co. (Shanghai, China). TGF-β (T7039) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). ISO was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. EX-527 was purchased from MedchemExpress (Sollentuna, Sweden). Antibodies against the following proteins were purchased from Abcam: TGF-β1 (ab66043), SIRT1 (ab110304), gp91 (ab80508), 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) (ab46545), thioredoxin2 (ab26320), α-SMA (ab5694), GRP78 (ab955), XBP-1 (ab37152), TGF beta Receptor I (ab31013), TGF beta Receptor II (ab61213), and acetyl-lysine (ab80178). Antibodies against the following proteins were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology: phosphorylated (P-)Smad3 (8769), total (T-)Smad3 (9513s), and GAPDH (2118). The antibodies against P-PERK (sc-32577) and T-PERK (sc13073) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. The antibody against ATF6 (15794-1-AP) was purchased from Proteintech Group. The secondary antibodies used in this study were acquired from LI-COR Biosciences (used at 1:10,000 dilution). The GT VisionTM+Detection System/Mo&Rb reagent for immunohistochemistry was obtained from Gene Technology (Shanghai, China). The Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody for immunofluorescence was purchased from LI-COR Biosciences.