Polypropylene bottles

Individual target analytes including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, >98%), perfluorootanoic acid (PFOA, >98%), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA, > 98%), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS, > 98%), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA, > 98%), perfluorobutane sulfonates (PFBS, > 98%), hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid [2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropanioc acid) (GenX, HFPO-DA, > 98%)], sodium 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-PFHxS (4:2 FTS, >98%), surrogate standards (SS) 13C4–PFOA (> 98%), 13C5–PFNA (> 98%), 13C4–PFOS (> 98%), 13C2–4:2 FTS (>98%) and internal standard (IS) 13C4–PFHpA (< 98%) were from Wellington Laboratories (Guelph, ON, Canada). HPLC grade methanol, ammonium acetate, polypropylene bottles, luer lock disposable syringe were from Fisher Scientific, USA. Acrodisc filters (GXF/GHP, 0.2 µm, 25 mm diameter) were from Pall Corporation, GA, USA. Ultra-nanopure water was from our laboratory Milli Q water system.

For this study, we used ultralow level liquid scintillation spectrometers—Quantulus^™1220, Tri-Carb^®3110 (#1 and #2), Tri-Carb^®5110, and Quantulus^™ GCT6220 (total 5 instruments, all from Revvity Health Sciences, Inc) for Am-241, Sr-90/Y-90, and H-3, in alpha/beta mode; 20 mL LSC plastic vials (Revvity Health Sciences, Inc.) for LSC analysis; a high precision analytical balance capable of accuracy weighing 0.001 g (Mettler-Toledo, LLC); a bottle top dispenser with a 5 mL to 25 mL capacity (Brinkman Instruments, Inc.) for cocktail dispensing; 250 mL and 125 mL polypropylene bottles (Nalgene, Fisher Scientific) for urine spikes preparation; and four electronic pipettes with total volume ranges from 5 μL to 5 mL (Eppendorf, Inc).