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Mlphorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate pma

Manufactured by Merck Group
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MLphorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) is a chemical compound commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It functions as a protein kinase C activator, which can lead to various cellular responses. This information is provided in a factual and unbiased manner, without any interpretation or extrapolation on its intended use.

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2 protocols using mlphorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate pma

1

DON Induces Inflammatory Response in THP-1 Macrophages

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The in vitro pro-inflammatory effect of
DON on THP-1 macrophages was assessed by measuring the pro-inflammatory
cytokine release following DON exposure. THP-1 cells were seeded at
1.8 × 105 cells/well in a 12-well plate with 50 ng/mL
phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO,
USA) for 24 h. After PMA induced differentiation, THP-1 macrophages
were washed once and supplied with the culture medium for an additional
24 h. THP-1 macrophages were subsequently exposed to DON (0, 0.25,
0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 μM) (Sigma-Aldrich) for 24 h in the culture
medium. These concentrations of DON were shown to be noncytotoxic
to THP-1 macrophages (Figure S1). The medium
was collected, and the concentrations of IL-1β were quantified
by an enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) performed according
to manufacturer’s instructions (Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA).
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2

Inducing Inflammatory Cytokines in Tregs

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To induce the production of inflammatory cytokines, sorted CD27+/−Tregs were cultured in a medium containing 10 IU/ml IL-2, 10 ng/ml IL-1β, 5
ng/ml IL-6, 25 ng/ml IL-21, 25 ng/ml IL-23, and 5 ng/ml TGF-β (R&D Systems,
Minneapolis, MN, USA) for 7 days. Cells cultured in medium containing only 10
IU/ml IL-2 were used as the non-induction control24 (link). Sorted Tregs were
cultured in the upper chamber of a transwell system (pore size:0.4 µm) with or
without anti-CD3/CD28 Dynabead-stimulated PBMCs in the lower chamber. Seven days
after stimulation, the Tregs were collected and further incubated with 50 ng/ml
phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; Sigma-Aldrich, San Luis, MO USA), 1 µg/ml
ionomycin (Sigma-Aldrich, San Luis, MO USA), and 1 µl/ml GolgiStop protein
transport inhibitor (BD Biosciences, San Diego, CA, USA) for an additional 5 h
prior to cytometric analysis of a percentage of IL-17a-secreting cells.
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