Hei vap

The entire preink volume was transferred to a round-bottom flask
for solvent exchange at a Hei-VAP precision rotary evaporator (Heidolph
Instruments GmbH). The solvent was evaporated at 73 °C at decreasing
pressure, until no more distillate was collected after 1 h at 200
mbar. The thick, homogeneous residue was used as ink without any further
treatment. The produced ink volume was around 100–150 mL. The
GNP loading was 4 wt %.

WS was obtained from walnuts harvested in Buciumi, Maramures County (47°28′ N, 23°29′ E), Northern part of Romania, in the fall of 2018. The optimal extraction conditions used to prepare the richest polyphenolic extract, the equipment and methods employed for the experiment were previously presented [4 (link)]. In brief, WS was mixed with water/acetone (50:50, v/v) at a ratio of 1:10 (w/v). The extraction was performed by Ultra-Turrax (T 18; IKA Labortechnik, Staufen, Germany) (2 min) followed by agitation using a vortex (RX-3, Velp Scientifica, Usmate, Italy) (2 min). After centrifugation (3000 rpm, 15 min), the supernatant was carefully separated, acetone removed using a rotary evaporator (Hei-VAP, Heidolph Instruments GmbH & Co., Schwabach, Germany), and the extract lyophilized (Advantage 2.0, SP Scientific, Warminster, PA, USA). In all the biological tests performed we used the lyophilized WSE kept in the dark at 4 °C until the determinations. If not mentioned otherwise, prior to analyses an appropriate amount of lyophilized WSE was solubilized in 5% DMSO and diluted with Milli-Q water.
An extract from walnut kernels with skin, in the same extraction conditions as above, was also prepared. This extract (10 μL supernatant obtained after centrifugation) was analyzed by direct injection into the LC-MS/MS system.
All assays were executed in triplicate.

The ground (5 g) pineapple peel, core and crown were extracted with 100 mL of various ethanol ratios (100%, 50% and 0%) using ultrasound sonication (Thermo-10D ultrasonic cleaner, Fisher scientific, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) at below 40 °C for 1 h. The mixture was then filtered using Whatman No.1 filter paper with 125 mm diameter. After filtration, another 50 mL of solvent was added to the residues for second time sonication under the same condition to maximize the yield. The first and second filtrates were then pooled and concentrated using a rotary evaporator (Hei-Vap, Heidolph, Schwabach, Germany) and lyophilized to remove excess water using freeze dryer (55-4 system Scanvac CoolSafe, Astech, Ireland). All of extracts were stored in the freezer at −80 °C until further analysis.

The radixes of C. pilosula were collected in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China, and authenticated by Prof. Yang Chen from Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University. The dried roots (31.87 g) were extracted twice with boiling water, and it took 2 h for each extraction with material-liquid ratio of 1:16 (w/v). The rough extracts were decanted, filtered under vacuum to collect the supernatant. All the supernatant was merged to concentrate in a rotary evaporator (Hei-VAP, heidolph, Germany), and then dried (16.99 g) by freeze drying (2-4 LSC plus, CHRIST, Germany).

Nonpolar ligand (oleic acid)-capped CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs were used. First, a solvent of red QD solution was exchanged from hexane to PGMEA at a concentration of 50 mg/ml using a rotary evaporator (Heidolph, Hei-VAP), while confirming no aggregation of QDs. Then, red QDs dissolved in PGMEA were mixed with positive PR (Merck, AZ GXR-601) with QDs of 20 wt% concentration. Because the main solvent of the PR is PGMEA, red QDs dissolved in PGMEA and PR are mixed well without other mixing processes. Then, experimentally optimized photolithography processes were carried out on the glass substrate; 1) spin coating at 4000 rpm for 2 μm thickness of film, 2) pre-baking at 90 °C for 90 s, 3) exposure of i-line UV radiation with energy of 825 mJ/cm² using a mask aligner (Suss Microtec, MA6), 4) immersing in developer (Merck, AZ 300 MIF) for 60 s, 5) hard baking at 110 °C for 90 s, and 6) oxygen plasma (diener, ZEPTO) for removing the residual layer. After patterning the green QDs in the same substrate by repeating the processes explained above, both red and green QD patterns were realized.

The flowers were ground in a coffee grinder for 5 min and then passed through a 200-µm Retsch sieve. WMF powder was measured (1 g) and mixed with the solvent (10 mL) in glass tubes with stoppers. Ultrasonication (US) was accomplished using an ultrasonic bath (Elma Transsonic 700/H, Singen, Germany) for 10, 30 and 50 min. The homogenates were centrifuged (Hettich, Micro 22R, Andreas Hettich GmbH and Co., Tuttlingen, Germany) for 10 min at 5000 rpm and the resulting supernatant was separated. Consecutively, the solvent of the crude extract was separated under vacuum at 45 °C using a rotary evaporator (Hei-VAP, Heidolph Instruments GmbH and Co., Schwabach, Germany) and the resulting residue was taken up in water and lyophilized (Advantage 2.0, SP Scientific, Warminster, PA, USA). If not stated otherwise, the lyophilized extracts dissolved in 70% EtOH (10 mg/mL) were used to perform the analyses.