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17 protocols using m0701

1

Histological Analysis of Intestinal Tissues

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Tissue from the small intestine and colon was formalin-fixed and preserved through paraffin embedding. Sections of 5 µm thickness were stained by standard hematoxylin and eosin (H & E), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain, chloracetate esterase stain (CAE), and Giemsa stain, following routine procedures [86 ,87 ,88 (link)]. Toluidine Blue stain of mouse tissue was performed as described in detail elsewhere [89 (link)]. For staining of CD45/leukocyte common antigen, antibody M0701 from Agilent (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used at a dilution of 1:2000. Cells of the monocyte lineages (e.g., macrophages, monocytes) were stained with an antibody directed against CD68/macrosialin (clone M0876, Agilent) used at a dilution of 1:400. Staining for the multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM-1) was done for identification of plasma cells. The respective antibody M7259 was obtained from Agilent and applied at a dilution of 1:100. In addition, a peroxidase block (S2023, Agilent) and blocking of unspecific binding with mouse serum (Maus.SE.0010) obtained from Biosell (Bio & Sell, Feucht/Nürnberg, Germany) were done. The final detection was done using the Envison/Flex kit (Agilent).
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2

Quantifying Immune Cell Fractions in Ovarian Cancer

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Ovarian cancer tissues were fixed and stained for Immunohistochemistry as previously described (Olalekan et al., 2021 (link)), to evaluate the fraction of cytokeratin-7 (Thermo Scientific, MA5-11986), pan-vimentin (Abcam, Ab16700), CD45 (Agilent, M0701) positive cells. Aperio ImageScope v12.4.3 was used to analyze the fraction of cells that stained for CD45, vimentin, and CK7 in the entire tissue section, using algorithm “Positive Pixel Count v9”.
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3

Identifying Lymphocytes in Tumor Samples

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In human tissue specimens, lymphocytes can be readily identified by their histological characteristics, mainly because of their smaller diameter when compared to human breast cancer cells. In mouse tissue specimens, the diameter of mouse mammary tumor cells is approximately 20% less than human breast cancer cells. Therefore, when making comparisons of the histological characteristics between human and mouse mammary tumor cells, it is important to exclude lymphocytes. Lymphocytes plus normal and cancerous epithelial cells in human specimens can be identified by specific antibodies. In this study, CD45 antibodies (Dako M0701), which are specific for the identification of both T and B lymphocytes, were identified by automated immunochemistry techniques at the Douglass Hanly Moir—Pathology laboratories.
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4

Validating PDX Models for Carcinomas

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To confirm that PDXs herein used recapitulate parent tissue, MSK-IMPACT data were obtained in both PDX and human tumor tissues. Given that patient-derived EBV-positive lymphomas are often observed in PDX models using NSG mice35 (link),36 . H&E and IHC stained sides were reviewed by a board-certified veterinary pathologist (S.M.) to exclude lymphomas in PDX models. IHC was performed by the Laboratory of Comparative Pathology at MSK for pancytokeratin, (primary antibody Dako Z0622 applied at 1:500 concentration), human CD45 (Dako M0701, 1:100), and human CD20 (Dako M0755, 1:1000) on the Leica Bond RX automated staining as described above for the CAV1 IHC method. Carcinomas were confirmed by IHC as pancytokeratin+/CD45/CD20. B cell lymphomas excluded from preclinical studies (n = 13) were IHC pancytokeratin/CD45+/CD20+.
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5

Comprehensive Immunohistochemistry of Human Tissues

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Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from mouse femurs were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and counterstained with antibodies to human CD45 (M0701, Dako) and human CD34 (PA0212, QBEND10). Immunohistochemistry staining of 28 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded normal human tissues (adipose, adrenal, appendix, cerebellum, cervix, colon, endometrium, esophagus, fat, heart, kidney, liver, lymph node, lung, muscle, ovary, pancreas, parathyroid, placenta, prostate, salivary, spinal cord, spleen, stomach, testis, thymus, thyroid, tonsil) was done in order to evaluate off-tumor expression of CD33 (triplicates). This was performed on a Leica Bond-III instrument (Leica Biosystems, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) using the Bond Polymer Refine Detection System (Leica Biosystems). Antibodies against CD33 (Novocastra/Leica, NCL-L-CD33, Leica Biosystems) were used undiluted. Heat-induced epitope retrieval was done for 20 min with ER2 solution (Leica Microsystems AR9640, Leica Biosystems). Images were digitally acquired using the Aperio ScanScope (Leica Biosystems).
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6

Immunohistochemical Characterization of PDX

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Staining was performed using an automated platform with a DAKO Omnis (Agilent Pathology Solutions) on all first-generation PDX samples (T1) to confirm the retention of HGSOC characteristics when compared to the clinical pathology report, or in-house staining, at the time of sample collection. The following antibodies were used: p53 (M700101 1:100; Dako), Ki67 (M7240 1:50; Dako), Cytokeratin (M3515 1:200; Dako), PAX8 (10336–1-AP 1:20000; Proteintech), and WT1 (ab15249 1:800; Abcam). CD45 (M0701 1:500; Dako) was used to exclude donor-derived transplantable hematologic malignancy. Scoring was performed for each PDX by one investigator on one tumor section each from at least three independent mice bearing that PDX and from the relevant baseline patient tumor. Usually ten high-powered fields (for some only five were available) were surveilled and the staining estimated as follows: 3+ almost all tumor cells were strongly positive; 2+ >25% of tumor cells were strongly positive or nearly all tumor cells were moderately positive; 1+ <25% of tumor cells were moderately to strongly positive, or nearly all cells were weakly positive; 0 occasional positive cells only.
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7

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Tissue Sections

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5–7 μm thick formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were deparaffinized with xylene (EMD, Gibbstown, NJ), rehydrated, and H&E stained or processed for immunostaining as previously described [5 , 21 (link), 22 (link)]. Anti CD104 mouse monoclonal antibody 1:50 (BioLegend,) was used overnight at 4°C. Signal was visualized using Alexa-Fluor 488 secondary antibody (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and mounted with media containing 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) to visualize nuclei. Nikon Eclipse E800 microscope/NIS Elements BR 3.2 software was used for collection of digital images. 5–7 μm thick frozen tissue sections were fixed in cold acetone (−20°C) for 10 min washed in TBS (Tris-buffered saline) and incubated with 3% H2O2 in methanol for 10 min. Staining was performed as previously described [22 (link), 23 (link)] using anti CD31 antibody (Serotec cat # MCA1746GA, 1:25) and anti CD45 (Dako cat # M0701, 1:100). Nikon Eclipse E800 microscope/NIS Elements BR 3.2 software was used for collection of digital images.
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8

Histological Analysis and NK Cell Sorting

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For histological analysis, the following primary antibodies (Abs) were employed: anti-vitronectin Abs (ab45139, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, and MAB38751, R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN), anti-thrombospondin 1 Abs (Ab-11, Thermo Fisher Bio-scientific, Hudson, NH, and ab1823, Abcam), anti-CD45 Abs (ab10558, Abcam, and M0701, DAKO, Carpinteria, CA, USA). Additionally, for B220+CD11c+NK1.1+ NK cell sorting, the following antibodies were used; PE/Cy7 anti-mouse B220 (103222, BioLegends), PE anti-mouse CD11c (117308, BioLegends), APC anti-mouse NK1.1 (108710, BioLegends), and those isotype control antibodies, PE/Cy7 Rat IgG2a, κ (400521, BioLegends), PE American Hamster IgG (12-4888-81, Thermo Fisher), APC Mouse IgG2a κ (550882, BD Biosciences).
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9

IHC Analysis of Human CD45 Antigen

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IHC analysis of human CD45 was performed as previously described (Pan et al., 2014 (link)). Briefly, spleen, and liver tissue was formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Bone tissue was also decalcified before embedding in paraffin. Paraffin blocks were then sectioned into 5 μm thick slices and mounted onto microscope slides. Tissue sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated using 100% xylene and ethanol solution of decreasing concentrations. The rehydrated tissue sections were next incubated with monoclonal mouse anti-human CD45 antibody (M0701, DAKO, Carpinteria, CA, USA), followed by sequential incubation with biotinylated secondary antibody, peroxidase-labeled streptavidin, and 3,3 diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride/H2O2, which resulted in a brown precipitate at the antigen site. Images were acquired by an OLYMPUS BX43 microscope with DP72 digital color camera and companion software CellSens (Olympus, Upper Saucon Township, PA, USA).
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10

Comprehensive Immune Cell Profiling Protocol

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The following primary antibodies and factors were used in this study: anti‐vitronectin (ab45139, Abcam, Cambridge, MA; MAB38751, R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN), anti‐thrombospondin 1 (Ab‐11, Thermo Scientific, Hudson, NH; ab1823, ab3131, Abcam), anti‐FX (H‐120 and C‐20, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), anti‐fibrinogen (CSI19761A, Cell Sciences Inc., Canton, MA), anti‐albumin (A90‐134A, Bethyl Laboratories, Inc., Montgomery, TX), anti‐CD45 (ab10558, Abcam; M0701, DAKO, Carpinteria, CA), anti‐CD11b (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), anti‐MECA32 Ab (BD Biosciences), anti‐αSMA (M0851, DAKO), anti‐CD4 (RM4‐5, BD Biosciences), anti‐CD8a (53–6.7, BioLegend, San Diego, CA), anti‐CD11c (HMα2, BioLegend), anti‐B220 (RA3‐6B2, BioLegend), anti‐NK‐1.1 (PK136, BioLegend), anti‐TCRβ (H57‐597, BD Biosciences) and anti‐IFNγ antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). CCL2, VEGF, TNFα, G‐CSF and SDF1 were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). IL‐6 and CXCL1 (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany), TGF‐β (Peprotech) and HGF Wako Pure Chemical Industries) were used.
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