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Diisopropylcarbodiimide

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

Diisopropylcarbodiimide is a chemical compound commonly used as a coupling agent in organic synthesis. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor. The primary function of diisopropylcarbodiimide is to facilitate the formation of amide bonds between carboxylic acids and amines.

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18 protocols using diisopropylcarbodiimide

1

Synthesis and Characterization of CRP Nanobiosensor

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Cadmium oxide (CdO, 99.99%), trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO, 90%), trioctylphosphine (TOP, 90%), octadecylamine (ODA, 90%), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS, 98%), diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC, 99%), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide (sulfo-NHS, 98.5%) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-di-methylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC, 99%) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Selenium (Se, 99.99%), stearic acid (SA, 99%), sulfur powder (99.9%), zinc oxide (ZnO, 99%), oleic acid (OA, 99%), liquid paraffin, and reduced GSH (90%) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, People’s Republic of China). Carboxyl-PEG-carboxyl (Mn =2,000 Da) was purchased from Jiaxing Biomatrix and Biotechnology Inc. (Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China) Standard CRP and monoclonal mouse-anti-CRP antibody were provided by Shanghai Upper Bio-Tech Pharma Co., Ltd (Shanghai, People’s Republic of China). CRP free serum obtained from HyTest Ltd (Turku, Finland) were used for preparation of standard CRP samples. All the reagents were used as they were received and without any further purification.
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2

Fmoc-based Peptide Synthesis Workflow

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Fmoc (9-fluorenyl methoxycarbonyl)–protected amino acids including Fmoc-propargyl glycine, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-O-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl) uronium hexafluorophosphate, and piperidine for SPPS were purchased from AAPPTEC Inc. (Louisville, KY). Rink amide polystyrene resin for SPPS was purchased from CEM Corporation (Matthews, NC). HPLC-grade acetonitrile (ACN) and dimethylformamide (DMF) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Fairlawn, NJ). Copper (I) acetate, 4-azidobutanoic acid, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), triisopropylsilane (TIS), triethylamine, anhydrous DMF, anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), diisopropylethylamine, ethyl cyanohydroxyiminoacetate (Oxyma), and diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).
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3

Peptide Synthesis Reagents and Assays

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Glu- and Lys-plasminogen, plasmin, low molecular weight urokinase and single or double chain t-PA were from Enzyme Research Laboratories (South Bend, IN) or Innovative Research (Novi, MI). Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT; STA-PTT Automate) and prothrombin time (PT; Neoplastine CI Plus) reagents were from Diagnostica Stago (Asnières, France). S-2251 (H-D-Valyl-L-leucyl-L-lysinep-Nitroaniline dihydrochloride) was obtained from Diapharma (West Chester, OH). ε-Aminocaproic acid (ε-ACA), 4-mercaptophenylacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), triisopropylsilane (TIS), diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), 3,6-Dioxa-1,8-octane-dithiol (DODT), 4-methylpiperidine, methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE) and tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) were from Sigma (Saint Louis, MO). HBTU, N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) were from Chem-Impex International (Wood Dale, IL). Fmoc-amino acid for peptide synthesis were from Midwest Biotech Inc (Fishers, IN). Dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) were from AGTC Bioproducts (Framingham, MA).
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4

Peptide Synthesis and Purification Protocol

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N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), Methylene Chloride (DCM), aceto-nitrile (ACN), and N,N-diisopropylethyl amine (DIEA) were purchased from Fisher. Protected natural amino acids as well as unnatural, aminooxy acetic acid (Aoa) and aminohexanoic acid (Ahx), were purchased from CS Bio, Indofine, or Novabiochem. Dii-sopropylcarbodiimide was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. O-(1H-6-Chlorobenzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluoro-phosphate (HCTU) was obtained from Peptides International. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from Acros. Peptides were purified by reversed phase HPLC using linear gradients where solvent A is water [0.05% v/v trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)] and solvent B is 9:1 ACN:water (0.045% v/v TFA).
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5

Peptoid and Peptide Synthesis Protocols

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The peptoid and peptide synthesis reagents, including bromoacetic acid, diisopropylcarbodiimide, N-methylmorophiline, methylamine, isobutylamine, and piperidine were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Solvents and various other reagents including triethylamine, acetic anhydride, dimethylformamide (DMF), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), triispropylsilane, diethylether, and standard biochemical reagents were purchased from Fisher Scientific. Fmoc-Gly-OH, hexafluorophosphate benzotriazole tetramethyl uronium, dichlormethane (DCM), and Fmoc-MBHA rink amide resin were purchased from VWR. The MTase-Glo methyltransferase assay kit was purchased from Promega for completing kinetic analyses. PRMT1 and PRMT5 were expressed and purified as previously described (49 (link)).
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6

Peptide Synthesis Using Fmoc Chemistry

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All solvents and chemicals were used without any further purification and purchased as peptide grade when available. N-methylpyrrolidinone was purchased from Biosolve. Diisopropylcarbodiimide and collidine were purchased from Sigma. The following L-amino acids were used: Fmoc-Ala, Fmoc-Arg(pbf)-OH, Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Asp(Otbu)-OH, Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Glu(Otbu)-OH, Fmoc-Glu-Otbu, Fmoc-Gly-OH, Fmoc-His(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Boc-Ile-OH, Fmoc-Leu-OH, Fmoc-Val-OH, Fmoc-Lys(boc)-OH, Fmoc-Ser(Otbu)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(Otbu)-OH, Fmoc-Tyr(Otbu)-OH, FmocTrp(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Phe-OH, and they were purchased from either Protein Technologies, Novabiochem Merck or IRIS Biotech (Germany). Biotin was purchased from Sigma. Fmoc-preloaded resin was used and purchased from Merck Millipore. Fmoc-8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctanoic acid (Fmoc-Ado-OH) was purchased from Flamma Group, Italy.
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7

Synthesis of Dexamethasone Conjugate

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Dexamethasone (DEX) was obtained from Sigma. Rink Amide Resin was purchased from Hecheng Company (Tianjin, China). (Fmoc)-Lys (Dde)–OH, Fmoc-Glu-OtBu, and N-hydroxy benzotriazole (HOBt) were purchased from AnaSpec Inc. Cholic acid (CA), D-α-tocopherol succinate, diisopropyl carbodiimide (DIC), dichloromethane (DCM), methanol (MeOH), N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), Triisopropyl silane (TIPS), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and other chemical reagents were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich.
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8

Synthesis and Functionalization of Mesoporous Silica

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Gallic acid (GA, ≥98.0%) and 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyltrimethoxysilane (AMETAM, ≥98.0%) were purchased from Fluka, polyethylenimine (PEI, Mw~2000, 50% wt. solution in water), (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS, 97%), (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane (CPTMS, 97+%), folic acid (FA, ≥97%), diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC, ≥98.0%), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA, ≥99.0%) and all solvents used in the study were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without further purification. SBA-15 mesoporous silica (8–11 nm pore diameter, 600 m2 g-1 surface area and 1–2 μm particle size) was purchased from ACS Material.
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9

Synthetic Hydrogel for Tissue Engineering

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Four-arm PEG (MW = 20 kDa) (PEG-OH) and four-arm
poly(ethylene glycol)-thiol (MW = 10 kDa) (PEG-SH) were purchased
from JenKem Technology USA (Plano, Texas). Diisopropylcarbodiimide,
4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid, and anhydrous
dichloromethane were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, Missouri).
2,2′-Azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane]dihydrochloride (VA-044)
was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Richmond,
Virginia). 5-((2-(and-3)-S-(Acetylmercapto) succinoyl) amino) (SAMSA)
fluorescein was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Eugene, Oregon).
Minimum Essential Medium, penicillin–streptomycin, and GlutaMAX
were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Eugene, Oregon). SMP foams
were graciously provided by Shape Memory Medical, Inc. (Santa Clara,
California).
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10

Characterization of Immobilized Biocatalysts

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Lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) (Lipozyme TL100L), Candida antarctica (fraction B) (CAL-B) (Lipozyme CALBL), Lecitase ultra (LECI), and Rhizomucor miehei (RML) (Palatase 20000L) and β-galactosidase Lactozym were kindly donated by Novozymes (Bagsværd, Denmark). Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL) (Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no 534730, St. Louis, MI, USA), Lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL) (Sigma-Aldrich, cat. no. L1754), betagalactosidase from E. coli, geranyl-amine, N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), carboxymethylcelullose (CM), 1-O-(4-nitrophenyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside (pNP-Gal), diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC), trimethylamine, p-nitrophenylbutyrate (pNPB), selenometheonine, 4-azide-l-homoalanine, and l-DOPA were from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Tyrosine from A. bisporus was produced as reported [40 (link)]. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) was acquired from Tokyo Kasei (Tokyo, Japan). SB-IDA405 Sepabeads (SP) resin was from Resindion srl (Binasco, Italy). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging was performed on a TM-1000 Hitachi (Tokio, Japan) microscope. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was obtained using a Texture Analysis Diffractometer D8 Advance Bruker (Billerica, MA, USA) with Cu Kα radiation. The spectrophotometric analyses were run on a V-730 spectrophotometer JASCO (Tokio, Japan).
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