Prosolv smcc 90

Paracetamol and tramadol HCl (both supplied by Janssen Pharma) were chosen as model drugs. Methacrylic acid–methyl methacrylate copolymers (Eudragit S100 and L100) were from Evonik Industries (Essen, Germany). Hypromellose acetate succinate (MF and HF grades) were obtained from Shin-Etsu Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). Silicified microcrystalline cellulose (Prosolv sMCC90, JRS Pharma, Rosenberg, Germany), anhydrous lactose (SuperTab 24AN, DFE Pharma, Goch, Germany) anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate (DI-CAFOS A 60, Budenheim, Budenheim, Germany), and Triethyl Citrate (RoFarma Italia, Gaggiano, Italy) were used as received. Isopropanol (Carlo Erba, Cornaredo, Italy) and Yellow Eosin (Carlo Erba, IT) were of standard chemical grades. Gelatin capsules were purchased from ACEF (Fiorenzuola D’Arda, Italy), while HPMC cps (size 0), DRcaps^® (size 2 and size 0), and Vcaps^® Enteric capsules (size 0) were obtained from Lonza (Lonza Capsules & Health Ingredients, Basel, Switzerland).
Throughout the text, the following abbreviations are used: paracetamol (AAP), tramadol HCl (Tram), Eudragit S100 (EuS100), Eudragit L100 (EuL100), hypromellose acetate succinate MF (HPMC AS-MF), hypromellose acetate succinate HF (HPMC AS-HF), Triethyl Citrate (TEC), Prosolv sMCC90 (SMCC), SuperTab 24AN (LAC), DI-CAFOS A 60 (DCP), and Isopropanol (Iso).

Kollidon^® SR (BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany) and/or glyceryl behenate (Compritol^® 888 ATO, Gattefossé, Saint-Priest, France) were used as the controlled release agents forming the matrix systems. Prosolv^® SMCC 90 (JRS PHARMA, GmbH & Co. KG, Herzogenaurach, Germany) was used as a dry binder and Kolliwax (BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany) was used as a lubricant. Tramadol hydrochloride (TH) (Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany) was chosen as a model highly water-soluble drug. The commercial PVA filament (PrimaCreator, Malmö, Sweden) and the filament prepared from HPMC (Affinisol^TM, DuPont, Wilmington, DE, USA) by hot melt extrusion were used for the 3DP coating of the matrix tablets.
Redistilled water and chemicals of analytical grade (HCl, NaCl–Lach-Ner s.r.o., Neratovice, Czech Republic) were used for the preparation of the dissolution media and of the standard solution of tramadol hydrochloride. For the preparation of the alcoholic dissolution medium (40% v/v), ethanol p. a. (Lach-Ner s.r.o., Neratovice, Czech Republic) was used.

ι-carrageenan (Merck KG&A, Darmstadt, Germany) and chitosan of a medium molecular weight and an 85% degree of deacetylation (JBICHEM, Shanghai, China) were used as the agents to form the polyelectrolyte-based matrix system. Silicified microcrystalline cellulose (Prosolv^® SMCC 90; JRS PHARMA GmbH & Co. KG, Rosenberg, Germany) or calcium sulfate dihydrate (Compactrol^®; JRS PHARMA GmbH & Co. KG, Germany) were used as a dry binder, and sodium stearyl fumarate (Pruv^®; JRS PHARMA GmbH & Co. KG, Germany) was used as a lubricant. Tramadol hydrochloride (Sigma Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Taufkirchen, Germany) was chosen as a model highly water-soluble drug, and salicylic acid (NOVACYL SAS, Écully, France) as a model slightly water-soluble drug. Mucin from porcine stomach Type II was purchased from Merck (Merck KG&A, Darmstadt, Germany) and used as a model substrate for adhesion testing.
Redistilled water and chemicals of an analytical grade (HCl, NaCl, NaOH, and KH₂PO₄; Lach-Ner s.r.o., Neratovice, Czech Republic) were used for the preparations of the dissolution media and the standard solution of the model drugs.

Papaverine hydrochloride (PAP) was the product of Farm-Impex Sp. J., Poland. Polyvinylpyrrolidone K 10 (PVP 10), microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101, Avicel PH 102), α-lactose (lactose), crospovidone CL (Kollidon CL), magnesium stearate (MS), and mannitol were produced by Sigma-Aldrich Chemmie Gmbh, Germany. Croscarmellose sodium (AcDiSol) was the product of BioPolymer, Belgium and gelatinized starch (CPharmGel) was the product of CargillBenelux BV, Netherlands. The manufactured mixture called Prosolv EasyTab SP (Prosolv) containing microcrystalline cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium starch glycolate, and sodium stearyl fumarate was produced by JRS Pharma Gmbh & CO KG, Germany. The manufactured mixture called Prosolv SMCC 90 containing microcrystalline cellulose and colloidal silicon dioxide (CMSi), and manufactured by JRS Pharma Gmbh & CO KG, Germany, was also used. All other reagents and solvents were of analytical grade, distilled water was freshly distilled.