N n dicyclohexylcarbodiimide dccd

The bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study are listed in Table 1. All strains were initially grown at 37 °C in LB medium, then tested in EG medium, which is E medium [35 (link)] containing 0.4% glucose [36 (link)]. The medium pH was adjusted by the addition of NaOH or HCl. Antibiotics were used at the following concentrations: ampicillin, 100 µg/mL; kanamycin, 30 µg/mL; chloramphenicol, 30 μg/mL. Antibiotics, L-arabinose, N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

1,2-dimyristoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-ethylphosphocholine (E-PC), 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl) -3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate (POPA), and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) were from Avanti. Lissamine Rhodamine B 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-dlycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (Rho-B), N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ethanolamine (NBD), cholesteryl-4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-dora-3a,4a-diaza-s-dndacene-3-dodecanoate (BODIPY-FL) were from LifeTechnologies. Poly(L-lysine)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-PEG) and nitrilotriacetic acid functionalized poly(L-lysine)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLL-PEG-NTA) were from SuSoS. Paraffin oil, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone (Coenzyme Q₁), N,N-dimethyldodecylamine N-oxide (LDAO), dithiothreitol (DTT), N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD), luciferin, p-aminobenzamidine, ATP and ADP were from Sigma-Aldrich. Luciferase was from Roche Diagnostics. All other chemicals were of the highest purity grade available. Glass slides and coverslips were from Menzel-Glaser.
All the procedures and assays described below were done at room temperature (∼22 °C) unless indicated.