Standard pesticide solutions were purchased from Ultra Scientific (North Kingston, RI, USA). Triphenylphosphate, which was used as an internal standard was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Pesticide grade acetonitrile (MeCN) was purchased from Duksan (Seoul, Korea). The GCMS-TQ8050 (GC-MS/MS) and LCMS-TQ8050 (LC-MS/ MS) analytical instruments were from Shimadzu (Kyoto, Japan).
Triphenyl phosphate
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Triphenyl phosphate is a chemical compound used in various laboratory applications. It is a colorless, crystalline solid with a high melting point. Triphenyl phosphate is commonly used as a flame retardant and as a plasticizer in certain materials.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Diethyl maleate, by Merck Group (6 mentions)
Piperonyl butoxide, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Tributyl phosphate, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Imidacloprid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tdcpp, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Atrazine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Chitosan, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Polyvinylpyrrolidone, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 chloro 2 4 dinitrobenzene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Fast blue b salt, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Galaxolide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dihydrocarbamazepine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Atrazine d5, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Suprasolv hexane, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Analytical grade hydrogen chloride, by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Mecoprop d3, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tonalide d3, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tris 2 chloroethyl phosphate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Caffeine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ibuprofen, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
22 protocols using triphenyl phosphate
1
Pesticide Analysis Using GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS
2
Quantitative Analysis of Pesticide Residues
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The certified reference materials of acephate, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, emamectin benzoate, imidacloprid, monocrotophos, phenthoate, phorate, profenofos, quinalphos, and triphenyl phosphate (TPP, internal standard) were procured from Sigma-Aldrich Chem. Pvt. Ltd., India, based on the information collected on the types of pesticides used by the farmworkers. The analytical-grade formic acid was procured from Fluka Pvt. Ltd., India, and the other organic solvents, acetonitrile and methanol (pestanal-grade), were obtained from Sigma Aldrich, Merck KGaA Darmstadt, Germany. Salts such as sodium chloride (anhydrous) and sodium sulfate and the analytical-grade reagent ethanol were obtained from Merck, India, and the HPLC column was procured from Agilent Technologies Pvt. Ltd., India. Water was purified with a Millipore Direct Q purification system (Lab Link, Germany).
3
Insecticide Compounds Sourcing Protocol
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Afidopyropen (catalog# DRE-C10047000) and sulfoxaflor (catalog# DRE-C17015000) were obtained from Dr. Ehrenstorfer (Augsburg, Germany). Cyantraniliprole (catalog# 32372-25MG), flupyradifurone (catalog# 37050-100MG), imidacloprid (catalog# 37894-100MG), thiamethoxam (catalog# 37924-100MG-R), piperonyl butoxide (catalog# 45626-100MG), diethyl maleate (catalog# D97703-100G), triphenyl phosphate (catalog# 241288-50G), dimethyl sulfoxide (catalog# D8418-500ML), and Triton X-100 (catalog# 93443-100ML) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Shanghai, China).
4
OPFR Mixture Preparation Protocol
5
Triphenyl phosphate exposure assay
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP, ID#, >99%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, ID#, >99.9%), and tricaine (ethyl 3-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
6
Evaluating Insecticide Mixture Efficacy
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Methyl benzoate (MB), Tween 20, and Tween 80 were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), and diethyl maleate (DEM) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
Formulated insecticides, imidacloprid (Advise® 2FL), acephate (Bracket®97), λ-cyhalothrin (Karate®), and oxamyl (Vydate®), were purchased from local agricultural chemical suppliers and kept in a refrigerator (6 ± 1 °C). These representative insecticides were used for preparations of binary mixtures with MB. Insecticide name, manufacturer, percentage of active ingredient (a.i.), spray treatment concentrations, field use (spray) concentrations of formulation, and mode of actions were listed inTable 1 .
Formulated insecticides, imidacloprid (Advise® 2FL), acephate (Bracket®97), λ-cyhalothrin (Karate®), and oxamyl (Vydate®), were purchased from local agricultural chemical suppliers and kept in a refrigerator (6 ± 1 °C). These representative insecticides were used for preparations of binary mixtures with MB. Insecticide name, manufacturer, percentage of active ingredient (a.i.), spray treatment concentrations, field use (spray) concentrations of formulation, and mode of actions were listed in
7
Characterization of Phthalate Esters
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP; 99.7%), bis-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DEHA; 99%), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP; 98%), was purchased from Supelco, and phthalate esters mixture (1 mL of 500 µg/mL each in methanol), containing dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), BBP, DEHA, and DEHP, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Supelco. Tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethanol, and hexane were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA).
8
High-Purity Pesticide Analysis Protocol
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
High purity standards of pesticides (≥99%): Hexazinone, parathion methyl, atrazine, ametryn, captan, carbaryl, as well as, the internal standard triphenyl phosphate were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. The pesticide grade solvents, acetonitrile and methanol, were supplied by Tedia. Every material used in this study was previously washed with ultrapure water (MILLI-Q) and alkaline Extran (Merck 3%).
The samples were filtrated using glass fiber filters (Sartorius Stedim Biotech, Germany) to remove the particulate material. For the microbiological analyzes, the samples were collected directly in the field, without filtration, using sterile flasks and taken directly to the laboratory to undergo analytical procedures. Cartridges used in the extraction were SPE ODS-C18 (Agilent Technologies) containing 1,000 mg of sorbent. Gas argon (5.0–99.999 Vol.%, Air Liquide) was used to evaporate the samples. Stock standard solutions were prepared with mix of pesticides in acetonitrile at concentration of 200 mg/L. The working solutions were prepared in high and low concentrations 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5 mg/L (High concentration) and 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.2 mg L−1 (Low concentration).
The samples were filtrated using glass fiber filters (Sartorius Stedim Biotech, Germany) to remove the particulate material. For the microbiological analyzes, the samples were collected directly in the field, without filtration, using sterile flasks and taken directly to the laboratory to undergo analytical procedures. Cartridges used in the extraction were SPE ODS-C18 (Agilent Technologies) containing 1,000 mg of sorbent. Gas argon (5.0–99.999 Vol.%, Air Liquide) was used to evaporate the samples. Stock standard solutions were prepared with mix of pesticides in acetonitrile at concentration of 200 mg/L. The working solutions were prepared in high and low concentrations 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5 mg/L (High concentration) and 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.2 mg L−1 (Low concentration).
9
Curcumin-Chitosan Nanoparticle Formulation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Curcumin (98% Pure) was purchased from RMY Exporter, Mumbai, India. Chitosan having molecular weight (MW: 350,000 Da, deacetylation degree > 75%), Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Ethyl cellulose was purchased from Dow Chemical Company, Washington. λ-Carrageenan (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). All the chemicals used were of analytical grade.
10
Polymers and Organophosphate Esters Analysis
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate)
(PMMA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; PVC was obtained from KEBO
Lab (Stockholm, Sweden). The OPEs used in this study were tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate
(TCEP; 97% purity), tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate (TBEP; 94% purity),
tributylphosphate (TBP; 99%), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP; 99%) obtained
from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate
(TCPP) and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCPP), both of technical
quality, purchased from Albemarle (Charlotte, NC, USA); 2-ethylhexyl
diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP; 96%) purchased from Chiron AS (Trondheim,
Norway); (3-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl)diphenyl phosphate (RDP;
technical quality) as Fyrolflex RDP purchased from AkzoNobel (Arnhem,
The Netherlands); and tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl]phosphate
(TTBNPP; 98%) purchased from Combi-Blocks (San Diego, CA, USA). The
structures and physicochemical properties for the polymers and OPEs
are listed in theSupporting Information (Tables S1 and S2). Toluene, chloroform, and tetrahydrofuran (THF),
all of HPLC grade, were purchased from VWR (Stockholm, Sweden). Ultrapure
water was produced by a Milli-Q Advantage Ultrapure Water purification
system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and filtered through a 0.22
μm Millipak Express membrane.
(PMMA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; PVC was obtained from KEBO
Lab (Stockholm, Sweden). The OPEs used in this study were tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate
(TCEP; 97% purity), tris(2-butoxyethyl)phosphate (TBEP; 94% purity),
tributylphosphate (TBP; 99%), and triphenyl phosphate (TPP; 99%) obtained
from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA); tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate
(TCPP) and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCPP), both of technical
quality, purchased from Albemarle (Charlotte, NC, USA); 2-ethylhexyl
diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP; 96%) purchased from Chiron AS (Trondheim,
Norway); (3-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl)diphenyl phosphate (RDP;
technical quality) as Fyrolflex RDP purchased from AkzoNobel (Arnhem,
The Netherlands); and tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl]phosphate
(TTBNPP; 98%) purchased from Combi-Blocks (San Diego, CA, USA). The
structures and physicochemical properties for the polymers and OPEs
are listed in the
all of HPLC grade, were purchased from VWR (Stockholm, Sweden). Ultrapure
water was produced by a Milli-Q Advantage Ultrapure Water purification
system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and filtered through a 0.22
μm Millipak Express membrane.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!