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4 protocols using hy 10108

1

Metformin Modulates Angiotensin II-Induced VSMC

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The rat thoracic aortic VSMCs were obtained from BeNa Culture Collection (BNCC340258, China) and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, Genview, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco), penicillin (100 U/mL) and streptomycin (100 U/mL). Cells were kept in a humidity incubator at 37 °C with 5% CO2 in atmosphere. When 80% confluence in culture wells was reached, the cells were used in treatment.
In the follow-up experiments, the VSMC were divided into five groups: (a) Control group; (b) Ang-II group (VSMC were treated by 1 µM Ang-II); (c) Ang-II and metformin group [VSMC were treated by Ang-II (1 µM) and metformin (10 mM)]; (d) Ang-II, metformin, and LY294002 (HY-10108, MedChemExpress, China) group [VSMC were treated by 1 µM Ang-II, 10 mM metformin together with LY294002 (10 µM)]; and (e) Ang-II, metformin, and 740 Y-P (HY-P0175, MedChemExpress, China) group (VSMC were treated by 1 µM Ang-II, 10 mM metformin together with 740 Y-P (25 mM)).
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2

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Lung Epithelial Cells

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Immortalized human alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) were generated from human lung tissue type II pneumocytes purchased from the ScienCell Research Laboratory (San Diego, CA, USA) and maintained in RPMI 1640 medium (01-100-1ACS, Biological Industries, Israel) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (C04001−050X10, VivaCell, Shanghai, China) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. A549 cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium-Nutrient Mixture F12 (DMEM/F12) (C3130-0500, VivaCell) containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. All cells were cultured in 5% CO2, 95% air incubator at 37 °C.
The HPAEpiCs and A549 cells were treated with colchicine (C804812, Macklin, Shanghai, China), mithramycin A (MithA, A600668, Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China), BI6015 (HY-108469, Med Chem Express, Shanghai, China), LY294002 (HY-10108, Med Chem Express), or wortmannin (HY-10197, Med Chem Express). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a control. Cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1 for 1 hr.
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3

Phosphorylation Inhibitor Assay and RNA-seq Analysis

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For the phosphorylation inhibitor assay, cells were plated in 6-well tissue culture plates and allowed to attach overnight. PF-573228 (10 μM, SC1099, Beyotime) or LY294002 (40 μM, HY-10108, Med Chem Express) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Invitrogen). The vehicle DMSO was used in parallel experiments and the cells were harvested after 48 h.
RNA-seq was performed by Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) in the cells with PLEKHH2-siRNA and the cells treated with inhibitor LY294002.
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4

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Immunomodulation

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In this study, mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CP-M131, Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd.) were divided into three groups, namely, an untreated mesenchymal stem cell group, a lipopolysaccharide-treated mesenchymal stem cell group and a polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid-treated mesenchymal stem cell group. Equal volume of common cell culture medium, 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide solution and 1 mg/mL polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid solution were added respectively, and after continuous culture for 24 h, cell supernatant and cell precipitate were collected and lysed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the content of prostaglandin E2 in cell supernatant and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in cell lysates, so as to identify different subpopulations of mesenchymal stem cells. On the basis of the above results, a new group was added for each treatment method. LY294002 (PI3K pathway inhibitor, HY-10108, MedChemExpress) was added before the inducer was added, and the mRNA expressions of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 and heme oxygenase 1 in cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The protein secretion of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and heme oxygenase 1 in cells were detected by western blot assay.
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