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4 protocols using gradient 4 20 sds page gels

1

Platelet Proteome Analysis via Western Blot

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After treatment with the indicated inhibitors with or without
thrombin-mediated activation, platelet whole cell lysates were generated in TNES
buffer (50mM Tris pH7.5, 100mM NaCl, 2mM EDTA, 1% NP-40 supplemented with
protease and phosphatase inhibitors (cOmplete and PhosSTOP cocktail tablets,
respectively, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). After cellular debris was
removed via high speed centrifugation, equal amounts of the lysates were
fractionated on gradient 4–20% SDS-PAGE gels and transferred to
nitrocellulose membranes (both from Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). The membranes
were analyzed for immunoreactivity to the following antibodies: Hsp40, (Cell
Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), Hsp70, Hsp90, and Grp94 (Enzo Life
Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA), and α-tubulin (EMD Millipore,
Burlington, MA, USA). Bound antibodies were detected via species-specific
horseradish peroxidase (HRP)- conjugated secondary antibodies at a 1:000
dilution (GE Healthcare, Pittsburgh, PA, USA), followed by reaction with Pico
ECL (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA) to produce a chemiluminescent signal,
and exposed to x-ray film (Vita Scientific, College Park, MD, USA).
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2

Western Blot Analysis of EGFR and α5 Integrin

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Cells were lysed in 1% Triton X-100, NaF [100 mmol/L], NaPPi [10 mmol/L], and Na3VO4 [1 mmol/L] in PBS, supplemented with complete anti-protease cocktail (Roche, Basel, Switzerland). A total of 10 µg of protein was separated on precast gradient 4–20% SDS-PAGE gels (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) and transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (Amersham Bioscience, Buckinghamshire, UK). After blocking, membranes were probed with primary antibodies targeting EGFR (D38B1, #4267; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), α5 integrin (D7B7G, #98204S; Cell Signaling Technology), and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; Millipore, Molsheim, France). Immunological complexes were revealed with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) at a 1/10,000 dilution. Revelation was performed with enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL; BioRad) using an LAS4000 imager (GE Healthcare, Dornstadt, Germany). GAPDH was used as housekeeping protein to serve as the loading control for all cell lysate samples. The quantification of non-saturated images was performed with ImageJ software. Analyses were performed on at least three independent experiments.
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3

Protein Expression Analysis using Western Blot

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For protein expression analysis (Figure S1), after 3 washes in ice cold PBS, proteins were extract using RIPA buffer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Braunsweig, Germany), according to manufacturer protocol, protein concentrations were evaluated using DC Protein assay (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) and 20 µg of proteins were further analysed. For siRNA experiments, proteins were directly extracted in Laemmli sample buffer (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Proteins were separated on precast gradient 4–20% SDS-PAGE gels (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) and transferred to a PVDF membrane (GE Healthcare, Dornstadt, Germany). Membranes were probed with primary antibodies: anti-EGFR antibody, anti-DNM2, anti-Rab5 and anti-LRP-1 at 1µg/mL and anti-GAPDH at 0.2 µg/mL in blocking solution (TBS—tween 0.1%, 5% non-fat dry milk). Immunological complexes were revealed with anti-rabbit or anti-mouse IgG coupled peroxidase antibodies using chemoluminescence (ECL detection reagent, GE Healthcare, Dornstadt, Germany) and visualised with a LAS4000 image analyser (GE Healthcare, Dornstadt, Germany). GAPDH was used as the loading control for all samples.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Parasitic Proteins

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Parasite extracts were resuspended in 2× Laemmli sample buffer (Bio-Rad) with 5% 2-mercaptoethanol (Sigma-Aldrich). Samples were boiled for 5 min at 95°C before separation on a gradient 4–20% SDS-PAGE gels (Bio-Rad). Samples were then transferred to nitrocellulose membrane using standard methods for semidry transfer (Bio-Rad). Membranes were probed with rabbit anti-HA (CS29F4 cat. no. 3724S, Cell Signaling Technology), mouse anti-c-Myc (9B11 cat. no. 2276, Cell Signaling Technology) or mouse anti-F1B ATPase (made in house) all at a dilution of 1:5000, or rat anti-IMC10 (made in house) at a dilution 1:5000 overnight. Given the high molecular mass of ATPase-guanylyl cyclase, we used 4–20% Tris-acetate SDS gels (Invitrogen) as performed in Yang et al. (2019b) (link). Membranes were then washed and probed with either goat anti-mouse-IgG horseradish peroxidase or goat anti-rabbit-IgG horseradish peroxidase (Sigma-Aldrich) at a dilution of 1:10,000 for 1 h (GE Healthcare). Proteins were detected using SuperSignal West Femto substrate (Thermo Fisher) and imaged using the FluorChem R system (Biotechne). Full original western blots are shown in Fig. S6.
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