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7 protocols using hitrap q hp anion exchange column

1

Small RNA Sequencing from Drosophila Ovaries

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For small RNA sequencing, two replicates per strain were prepared. Small RNA was isolated from 50 pairs of ovaries using HiTrap Q HP anion exchange columns (Cytiva, Velizy-Villacoublay, France) as described in [37 (link)], and the eluate was run on a 10% TBE urea gel (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Small RNA size selection (18–50 bp) was performed on gel at the sequencing facility. Quality was checked with the Bioanalyzer small RNA kit (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Library construction was performed using the TruSeq Small RNA Library kit (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) and sequenced (1 × 50 single reads) on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 at the IGBMC Microarray and Sequencing facility. Adapter sequences were removed using cutadatp [38 (link)]. Size selection was then performed using PRINSEQ lite version 0.20.4 [39 (link)]. All subsequent analyses were built upon small RNA counts after normalization according to the miRNA amounts, as described in [34 (link)].
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2

Reagent Procurement for Protein Labeling

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Bactotryptone and yeast extract were obtained from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA). Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) agarose was obtained from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany), and frTet (4-(1,2,3,4-tetrazin-3-yl) phenylalanine) was purchased from Aldlab Chemicals (Woburn, MA, USA). TCO–Cy3 was purchased from AAT Bioquest (Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Axially substituted trans-cyclooctene maleimide (TCO-maleimide, A) was purchased from FutureChem (Seoul, Korea). Disposable PD-10 desalting columns, HiTrap Q HP anion exchange columns, and Superdex 200 10/300 GL Increase size exclusion columns were purchased from Cytiva (Uppsala, Sweden). All other chemical reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), unless otherwise indicated.
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3

Purification of p300 core mutants

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The human p300(BRPHΔAILZ) (aa 1035–1720) core was cloned into the pGEX-6P-1 vector with an N-terminal GST tag and a Pre-Scission cleavage site. The flexible loop of residues 1520 to 1581 was replaced by an SGGSG linker, and the single mutation Y1467F was also introduced to stabilize the p300 core, based on former studies (Zhang et al., 2018 (link)). The histidine tag was added to the C-terminus of the core domain to increase the yield. The proteins were expressed in E. coli BL21-CodonPlus (DE3)-RIL competent cells in LB medium supplemented with 0.05 mM ZnCl2. Protein expression was induced with 0.5 mM IPTG for 20 h at 16°C. The proteins were purified with glutathione agarose in 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) buffer, supplemented with 500 mM NaCl, 1 mM phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, and 5 mM β-mercaptoethanol. The GST tag was removed by overnight digestion at 4°C with Pre-Scission protease. The proteins were further purified by ion exchange on a HiTrap Q HP anion exchange column (Cytiva) and by size exclusion chromatography with a HiLoad 16/600 Superdex 75 column (Cytiva), in buffer [20 mM HEPES (pH 7.5) 200 mM NaCl, and 2 mM dithiothreitol]. All mutants were generated using either a QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (Agilent) or a Q5 Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit (New England Biolabs) according to the manufacturers’ protocols, and then grown and purified as described above.
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4

Recombinant Tau Protein Production

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The tau constructs used here included full-length human tau (i.e., the hT40 or 2N4R isoform) in both WT- and FTLD-related P301L and R5L mutant forms (Hutton et al., 1998 (link); Poorkaj et al., 2002 (link)). All tau cDNAs were tagged with C-terminal six-histidine (6xHis) tags and expressed in Escherichia coli using pT7C backbones and IPTG induction, as previously described (Combs et al., 2017 (link)). Briefly, recombinant proteins were separated using metal affinity chromatography controlled by an ÄKTA pure fast protein liquid chromatography machine (Cytiva) on a HiTrap Talon Crude column (Cytiva) followed by size-exclusion chromatography using a Hiprep 16/60 Sephacryl S-500 HR column (Cytiva). The samples were then further purified using a HiTrap Q HP anion-exchange column (Cytiva) using a salt gradient from 0 to 250 mm NaCl. DTT was added to a final concentration of 1 mm. All proteins were divided into single-use aliquots and frozen at −80°C. SDS-Lowry assays were used to determine protein concentrations (Combs et al., 2017 (link)).
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5

Purification and Characterization of Biomolecules

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All materials used were purchased commercially and used without purification. Aqueous solutions were prepared by using ultrapure water. Bacterial growth medium was prepared as directed by the manufacturer, and medium and cultures were handled aseptically. Antibiotic stocks were prepared at 1000× and stored at −20 °C. Protein concentration was determined by a BCA protein assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific). An Agilent Technologies 1200 Series HPLC outfitted with a diode array detector was used for analytical and semipreparative reverse phase (RP) HPLC using C4 or C18 Phenomenex columns from Agilent (buffer A, 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water; buffer B, 0.1% TFA, 90% acetonitrile in water). Mass spectrometry was performed using an Agilent HPLC/Q TOF MS/MS spectrometer. Anion-exchange fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) was performed on an Amersham Pharmacia Biotech KTA FPLC (UPC-900, P-920) using a HiTrap Q HP anion exchange column (Cytiva Life Sciences; buffer A, 4 M urea, 20 mM Bis-Tris, pH 7; buffer B, 4 M urea, 20 mM Bis-Tris, 500 mM NaCl, pH 7).
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6

Expression and Purification of E. coli ThrRS

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The C-terminal 6×His-tagged E. coli ThrRS (residues 242–642) and Y462F/K/R mutants were constructed in a pET28a vector respectively. Each protein was expressed in BL21 (DE3) strain and induced with 0.5 mM isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside for 20 h at 16 °C. The cell pellet (from 2 to 4 liters) was lysed in buffer A (25 mM Tris pH 7.5, 500 mM NaCl, and 25 mM imidazole), loaded onto a Ni-Hitrap column (Cytiva, USA), and washed with buffer A, then eluted with buffer B (25 mM Tris pH 7.5, 500 mM NaCl, and 250 mM imidazole). The eluted protein was further purified by a Hitrap Q HP anion exchange column (Cytiva, USA) with NaCl gradient (0.05–1 M NaCl in 25 mM Tris pH 7.5). The peak fraction was further purified by gel filtration S200 (Cytiva, USA) with a buffer containing 25 mM Tris pH 7.5, 200 mM NaCl, and 1 mM MgCl2. The final purified protein was used for crystallization immediately. The rest protein was flash-frozen by liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C.
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7

Purification of GST-GBF1 Fusion Protein

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HEK cells were transfected with GST-GBF1 plasmid and 24 h later were lysed in lysis buffer (50 mM Bis-Tris, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM DTT, protease inhibitors cocktail ThermoFisher Scientific, cat. A32955). Lysate was passed 5-7 times through a 23-gauge needle, then through a 27-gauge needle and centrifuged at 4°C at 1000 RCF for 15 min. The supernatant was incubated with glutathione agarose beads (ThermoFisher Scientific, cat. 16100) at 4°C for 4 h. Beads were washed three times with wash buffer (20 mM Bis-Tris, pH 7.0, 200 mM NaCl, 1 mM DTT) and eluted with elution buffer (wash buffer with the addition of 15 mM reduced glutathione). Eluted protein was further purified on HiTrap Q HP anion exchange column (Cytiva, cat. 17115301) using a gradient of 100 mM–1M NaCl in 20 mM Bis-Tris, pH 7.0, 1 mM DTT.
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