Phospho specific p38 mapk antibodies

PGE₁ and the mouse IL-6 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit were purchased from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN, USA). VER-155008 and YM-08 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC (St. Louis, MO, USA). PD98059, SB203580, and SP600125 were obtained from Calbiochem-Novabiochem Co. (La Jolla, CA, USA). Phospho-specific p38 MAPK antibodies, p38 MAPK antibodies, and actin were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA, USA). The enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) Western blotting detection system was purchased from GE Healthcare Life Sciences (Chalfont, UK). Acrylamide monomer, Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), dithiothreitol, and glycerol were obtained from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan). Other materials and chemicals were obtained from commercial sources. VER-155008, YM-08, PD98059, SB203580, and SP600125 were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide. The maximum concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide was 0.1%, which did not affect the IL-6 assay or protein level detection via Western blotting [19 (link), 23 (link), 24 (link)].

TGF-β was purchased from R&D Systems, Inc. (Minneapolis, MN, USA). Onalespib was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA). Geldanamycin was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 17-DMAG and SP600125 were purchased from Calbiochem-Novabiochem Co. (La Jolla, CA, USA). SB431542 was purchased from Funakoshi Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). HSP27 antibodies, phosphorylated HSP27 antibodies, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Phospho-specific Smad2, Smad2, phospho-specific p44/p42 MAPK, p44/p42 MAPK, phospho-specific p38 MAPK antibodies, p38 MAPK antibodies, phospho-specific SAPK/JNK antibodies, and SAPK/JNK antibodies, were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Beverly, MA, USA). An ECL Western blotting detection system was obtained from GE Healthcare Life Sciences (Chalfont, UK). Other materials and chemicals were obtained from commercial sources. Onalespib, Geldanamycin, 17-DMAG, SP600125, and SB431542 were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The maximum concentration of DMSO was 0.1%, which did not affect the assay for Western blot analysis [21 (link)–23 (link)].