Spss 19.0 statistical package for the social sciences

Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 19.0 Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) by combining the left and right sides as pooled data [5 (link)]. We conducted between-group comparisons using the Mann–Whitney U test, chi–square test, and Fisher’s exact test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation of each of the three categories of variables (clinical scales, clinical measures, and MR parameters) in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The false discovery rate was used to perform corrections for multiple comparisons and to better interpret the results.

SPSS 19.0 statistical package for the social sciences (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) has been used to perform all statistical analyses. Ten protocols (i.e., 1.95%) with three or more missing data were excluded from the analyses [40 ].
The relationships among variables were assessed using Pearson’s r correlation coefficients considering r = ±0.1 as small, ±0.20 medium, and ±0.30 large effect sizes [30 ]. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the unique contributions of clinical (e.g., medical comorbidities, BMI), sociodemographic (e.g., sex and age), and psychopathological variables (e.g., GSI-K-9, BES, and TAS total score) on medical adherence (i.e., MAS subscales). The associations were reported as standardized beta coefficients (β) and their p values. Collinearity was assessed through the statistical factor of tolerance and variance inflation factor (VIF).