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3 protocols using a28180

1

Immunostaining of Expanded Samples

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Punches were blocked in IF buffer (1% BSA and 0.05% Tween‐20 in PBS) for 1–2 h at RT, followed by the incubation with primary antibody diluted in IF buffer, for 24 h at 4°C. Punches were washed in 1× PBS for 1–2 h and incubated for 24 h at 4°C with secondary antibody and DAPI (ThermoFisher; D1306) diluted 1:10 000 in IF buffer. The following primary antibodies were used for immunostaining of expanded samples: mouse anti‐acetylated tubulin (Sigma, T7451) at 1:4000, mouse anti‐alpha tubulin (Sigma; T6074) at 1:500, rabbit antibeta tubulin (Abcam; ab15568) at 1:250, rabbit anti‐ARL13B (Abcam; ab83879) at 1:150, rabbit anti‐Cep164 (Proteintech; 22227‐1‐AP) at 1:500, rabbit anti‐ANKRD26 (GeneTex; GTX128255) at 1:200, rabbit anti‐FBF1 (sigma; HPA023677) at 1:100, rabbit anti‐RPGRIP1L (Proteintech; 55160‐1‐AP) at 1:150, rabbit anti‐IFT88 (Proteintech; 13967‐1‐AP) at 1:150, mouse anti‐Rootletin (Santa Cruz; sc‐374056) at 1:50, rabbit antipericentrin (Abcam; ab4448) at 1:400, rabbit anti‐Cep290 (Abcam; ab84870) at 1:150 and rabbit antipolyglutamylated tubulin (AdipoGen; AG‐25B‐0030) at 1:800. Secondary antibodies antimouse Alexa Fluor 488 (Invitrogen; A11029), antirabbit Alexa Fluor 488 (Invitrogen; A11034), antimouse Alexa Fluor 555 (Invitrogen; A28180), antirabbit Alexa Fluor 555 (Invitrogen; A21429) were used at a 1:800 dilution to label primary antibodies.
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2

Immunohistochemical Localization of SHP-1, pJNK, and GS

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The eyecups were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 1 hour and dehydrated sequentially in 20% and 30% sucrose solutions at 4°C for 1 hour. After the anterior sections had been removed and the cups filled with optimal cutting temperature compound (Tissue‐Tek; Ted Pella), they were then frozen at −80°C, and cut in the sagittal direction (8‐μm‐ thick sections). After being blocked with 5% goat serum and permeated with 0.15% Triton X‐100 in PBS for 45 minutes, the sections were incubated with the following primary antibodies overnight at 4°C: mouse anti‐SHP‐1(sc‐7289, diluted 1:50; Santa Cruz Biotechnology); mouse anti‐pJNK (9255S, diluted 1:100; Cell Signaling Technology) and rabbit anti‐ glutamate synthase (GS) (ab49873, diluted 1:5000; Abcam). The sections were rinsed three times with PBS and incubated with a secondary antibody (A28180; Invitrogen; or 4414, Cell Signaling Technology) for 1 hour at room temperature. After the sections were rinsed three times, they were counterstained with Fluoroshield with DAPI mounting medium (ab104139; Abcam). The sections were then observed with a laser confocal microscope (Leica Microsystems).The immunofluorescence intensity in the images was measured with ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health).
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3

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Cell Differentiation

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Flow cytometry was performed to determine the differentiation efficiency. The cells were treated with trypsin for 2–5 min and harvested, followed by 400× g centrifugation for 5 min. The supernatant was removed, and the cells were resuspended to 1 × 106 cells/mL in ice cold DPBS, 0.1% BSA.
Primary antibody staining was then applied on the cells according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The washing steps were performed 3 times by centrifuging at 400× g for 5 min and resuspending them in ice-cold DPBS. After the washing steps, the cells were resuspended with diluted (according to the manufacturer’s instructions) fluorochrome-labeled secondary antibody in 0.1% BSA/DPBS for 1 h in dark, and followed by the 3 times washing steps mentioned above. Finally, all samples were acquired and analyzed on FC500 (Beckman, Brea, CA, USA).
The primary and fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibodies used in this study were as follows: KIRREL (1:100; AF2564, R&D), β-tubulin III (1:300; sc5274, Santa Cruz), anti-sheep Alexa488 (1:2000; A-11015, Invitrogen), anti-mouse Alexa555 (1:2000; A28180, Invitrogen), anti-rabbit Alexa488 (1:2000; A-11008, Invitrogen).
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