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82 protocols using minispec lf50

1

Dietary Effects on Reward Behavior in Mice

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A cohort of 8-week-old SOPF male C57BL/6J mice (15 mice, n=7–8 per group) (Janvier laboratories, France) were housed in a controlled environment (room temperature of 22 ± 2 °C, 12h daylight cycle) in groups of two mice per cage, with free access to sterile (irradiated) food and sterile (autoclaved) water. Upon delivery, mice underwent an acclimatization period of 1 week, during which they were fed a control diet (CT, AIN93Mi, Research Diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA). Then, mice were randomly divided into two groups and were fed for 14 weeks with control low-fat diet (CT, AIN93Mi) or a HFD (60% fat and 20% carbohydrates (kcal/100g) D12492i, Research diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA). Body weight was recorded once a week. Body composition was assessed weekly by using 7.5 MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR, LF50 Minispec, Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany). After 11 weeks of follow-up, the mice were transferred to behavioral cages to perform the conditioned place preference test and the operant wall test. During these tests, mice were food-restricted and body weight was maintained at 85% of the initial body weight (before the behavioral tests). The caloric restriction allowed to potentiate the reward response to the stimulus [23 (link), 24 (link)].
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2

Long-Term High-Fat Diet Experiments on Mice

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All mice were purchased from Janvier Labs (Saint Berthevin, France) and housed in a controlled environment (22 ± 2°C, 12‐hour daylight cycle, lights off at 6 PM) with free access to food and water. Long‐term high‐fat diet experiments were performed on 7‐week‐old female C57BL/6JRj or Balb/cJRj mice. Mice were fed either a normal diet (10% fat, AIN93Mi; Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ, USA) or a high‐fat diet (60% fat, D12492i; Research Diets) throughout the whole experiment. Short‐term infusion experiments were performed on 9‐week‐old Balb/cJRj or Balb/c nude mice fed a normal diet (AIN93Mi; Research Diets). Bodyweight was followed once a week for each experiment, and for long‐term HFD experiments, body composition was assessed by using 7.5 MHz time domain‐nuclear magnetic resonance (TD‐NMR) (LF50 Minispec; Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA).
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3

Dietary Modulation of Gut Microbiome

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Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 J mice were housed in pairs in specific pathogen-free conditions and in controlled environment (room temperature of 22 +/- 2°C, 12 h daylight cycle) with free access to food and water. After an acclimatization period of one week, mice were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions: Control diet (10 kcal% fat, D12450Ji, Research Diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA) gavaged with vehicle (Control group, n = 11), high-fat diet (60 kcal% fat, D12492i Research Diet) gavaged with vehicle (HFD Group, n = 10), or high-fat diet gavaged with 1.5 × 109 live cells of S. variabile DSM 15176 T (HFD-Subdo group, n = 10). Gavages were performed 5 days a week (Monday to Friday) for 8 weeks.
Body weight, food, and water intake were recorded weekly. Body composition (lean and fat mass) was assessed by using 7.5 MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) (LF50 Minispec, Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany).
All mouse experiments were approved by and performed in accordance with the guidelines of the local ethics committee. Housing conditions were specified by the Belgian Law of May 29, 2013, regarding the protection of laboratory animals (agreement number LA1230314).
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4

Metabolic Characterization of Akkermansia muciniphila

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Data displayed in Supplementary Figure 3 come from a set of mice metabolically characterized in Everard et al.36 (link). A cohort of 10 weeks-old WT or Napepld∆IEC male mice (40 mice, n = 10 per group) was housed in pairs in specific pathogen free conditions and in a controlled environment (room temperature of 23 ± 2 °C, 12 h daylight cycle) with free access to food and water. The mice were fed a ND (AIN93Mi; Research diet) or a HFD (60% fat and 20% carbohydrates (kcal per 100 g), D12492i, Research diet) and treated daily with an oral gavage of either 2.108 CFU of Akkermansia muciniphila in 150 µl sterile PBS containing 2.5% glycerol (culture conditions described below) or 150 µl of vehicle solution (PBS containing 2.5% glycerol). Body weight, food and water intake were recorded weekly. Body composition (lean and fat mass) was assessed weekly by using 7.5 MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR; LF50 minispec, Bruker). Treatment continued for 5 weeks. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed after 4 weeks of treatment.
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5

Caecal Microbiota Transfer in HFD Mice

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Caecal contents from five WT HFD male mice were transplanted into germ free mice fed with a HFD and caecal contents from 6 IEC MyD88-KO HFD mice were transplanted into germ free mice fed with HFD. Caecal content donors were 10-weeks-old WT HFD or IEC MyD88-KO mice fed a HFD for 8 weeks as described in IEC MyD 88-KO HFD experiment.
Each caecal content (150mg) was sampled in an anaerobic chamber and suspended in PBS (2.5 ml per caecum). The gut microbes were then administered (0.15 ml per mouse) immediately to germ free mice (7 weeks old Swiss-Webster male) from Taconic (Hudson, NY). Transplanted mice were maintained in individualized ventilated cages (IVC AERO GM500, Tecnilab-BMI, Someren, The Netherlands) and fed with a HFD (60% fat and 20% carbohydrates (kcal 100g−1), D12492, Research diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA) for 3 weeks.
Body weight and body composition was assessed once a week by using 7.5MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) (LF50 minispec, Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany).
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6

Long-term High-fat Diet Effects

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6-week-old male mice were fed either NCD (Labdiet) or HFD (Research Diets) for 12 weeks. At 18 weeks of age, mice were euthanized and NMR body composition analysis performed with a LF50 minispec from Bruker.
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7

Dietary Impact on Metabolic Phenotypes

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A cohort of 10-weeks-old WT or Napepld∆IEC male mice (40 mice, n = 10 per group) was housed in pairs in specific pathogen-free conditions and in a controlled environment (room temperature of 23 ± 2 °C, 12 h daylight cycle) with free access to food and water. The mice were fed a ND (AIN93Mi; Research diet) or a HFD (60% fat and 20% carbohydrates (kcal per 100 g), D12492i, Research diet). Treatment continued for 16 weeks. Body weight, food and water intake were recorded weekly. Body composition (lean and fat mass) was assessed weekly by using 7.5 MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR; LF50 minispec, Bruker). After 15 weeks of follow-up, a subset of mice was placed in metabolic chambers for indirect calorimetry measurements.
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8

High-fat diet metabolic study in IEC MyD88-KO mice

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Three sets of 10-weeks-old WT or IEC MyD88-KO male mice (40 mice, n=10/group) were housed in groups of 2 mice/cage (filter-top cages), with free access to food and water. The mice were fed a control diet (CT) (AIN93Mi; Research diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA) or a high-fat diet (HFD) (60% fat and 20% carbohydrates (kcal/100g), D12492, Research diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA). Treatment continued for 8 weeks. This experiment has independently been realized three times. Two types of control mice were used in these experiments: WT littermate mice injected with Tamoxifen and mice harboring the Villin Cre MyD88 construct injected with the vehicle.
Body weight and body composition was assessed once a week by using 7.5MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) (LF50 minispec, Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany).
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9

High-fat Diet Feeding in Mice

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A cohort of 8-week-old specific-opportunistic and pathogen-free (SOPF) male C57BL/6 J mice (10 mice, n = 5 per group) (Janvier laboratories, France) were housed in a controlled environment (room temperature of 22 ± 2°C,12 h daylight cycle) in groups of two mice per cage, with free access to sterile food (irradiated) and sterile water. Upon delivery, the mice underwent an acclimatization period of 1 week, during which they were fed a control diet (CT, AIN93Mi, Research Diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA). Then, mice were randomly divided in two groups, and were fed for 5 weeks with a controlled low-fat diet (CT, AIN93Mi) or a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat and 20% carbohydrates (kcal/100 g) D12492i, Research diet, New Brunswick, NJ, USA). Body weight, food, and water intake were recorded once a week. The body composition was assessed by using 7.5 MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR, LF50 Minispec, Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany). After 4 weeks of follow-up, the mice entered the metabolic chambers to perform the food preference test.
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10

Body Composition Monitoring in Mice

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Body weight, food, and water intake were recorded three times per week. Body composition was assessed weekly by using 7.5-MHz time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) (LF50 Minispec; Bruker; Rheinstetten, Germany).
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