Tetrahydrofuran

St (99.0%), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) (98.0%) and PBS buffer solution (×10) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industry Ltd., Osaka, Japan. Super dehydrated toluene (99.5%), divinylbenzene (DVB) (50.0%), 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) (95.0%), Sodium 4-styrenesulfonate (93.0%), Acetonitrile (99.0%) and isobutylphenyl propionic acid (Ibuprofen,> 98.0%) were all purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan (TCI). d-limonene (90.0%), tetrahydrofuran (98.0%), dimethyl sulfoxide (99.0%) and bromocresol purple were purchased from Nacalai Tesque Inc. Kyoto Japan. Rhodamine B was purchased from Sigma Aldrich Co., St.Louis, MO, USA. Vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride (VBAC) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Kyoto, Japan. All chemicals were used as supplied without further purification, except where noted otherwise.

Isobutyl chloroformate (≥98.0%), 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid (≥97.0%), 4-methylmorpholine (≥99.0%), (R)-(-)-2-phenylpropionic acid (≥98.0%), and (S)-(+)-2-phenylpropionic acid (≥98.0%) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (TCI, Tokyo, Japan). Bicyclo [2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene-rhodium(I) chloride dimer (Rh (nbd)Cl₂, ≥96%), propargylamine (≥98.0%), propargyl alcohol, and sodium tetraphenylboron were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (St Louis, MO, United States). α-D- and α-L-Glucose were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Geel, Belgium). Anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄), benzene, sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO₃), 2 mol L⁻¹ hydrochloric acid (HCl), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, super dehydrated tetrahydrofuran (THF), super dehydrated methanol (CH₃OH), chloroform (CHCl₃), and potassium bromide (KBr, infrared (IR) grade) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Wako, Osaka, Japan). Adipic acid (≥99.5%) and other solvents (tetrahydrofuran, 2-propanol, acetic ether, and ethanol) were acquired from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan).

All reagents were used as purchased without further purification. Potassium tetrachloroplatinate(II) (K₂PtCl_4, 98%), sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) (Na₂PdCl₄, 98%), sodium hexachlororhodate(III) (Na₃RhCl₆), ruthenium(III) chloride hydrate (RuCl₃·xH₂O, 99.98% trace metals basis), palladium(II) chloride (PdCl₂, ≥99.9%), copper(II) chloride dihydrate (CuCl₂·2H₂O, ≥99.0%), nickel(II) chloride hexahydrate (NiCl₂·6H₂O, ≥97%), cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate (CoCl₂·6H₂O, ≥97%), sodium molybdate dihydrate (Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O, ≥99%), L-AA (99%), dimethylamine borane (97%), hydrazine monohydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O, N₂H₄ 64–65%, reagent grade, 98%), and Nafion™ perfluorinated resin solution (5 wt% in mixture of lower aliphatic alcohols and water, contains 45% water) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. The block copolymers, polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS₅₀₀₀-b-PEO₂₂₀₀), poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PMMA) with different molecular weights of PMMA blocks, including PEO₁₀₀₀₀-b-PMMA₅₅₀₀, PEO₁₀₅₀₀-b-PMMA₁₈₀₀₀ and PEO₁₀₅₀₀-b-PMMA₂₂₀₀₀ (the subscript numbers indicate the average molecular weight (g mol^–1) of the corresponding blocks), were obtained from Polymer Source. DMF, Tetrahydrofuran (THF), and acetone were purchased from Nacalai Tesque, Inc.