Caffeic acid was supplied by Extrasynthese (Genay, France). The reagents purchased from SIGMA (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, USA) used in the different experiments were as follows: (i) assays with cells: interleukin (IL)-1β, sodium pyruvate, Trypsin-EDTA (0.25%–0.03%), sodium bicarbonate, L-glutamine, Eagle’s minimum essential medium (EMEM), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT), nonessential amino acids, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antibiotics (i.e., penicillin/streptomycin); the antioxidant assays: 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine-p,p′-disulfonic acid monosodium salt hydrate (ferrozine), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH); (ii) the antiglycative assays: methylglyoxal (MGO), bovine serum albumin (BSA), D-glucose; (iii) the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) assay: captopril, ACE isolated from porcine kidneys (EC 3.4.15.1). The reagent obtained from BACHEM (Bubendorf, Switzerland) was o-aminobenzoylglycyl-p-nitorphenylalanylproline (Abz-Gly-Phe(NO2)-Pro). MERK Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany) provided DMSO. A Millipore Direct-Q UV 3 System (Bedford, MA, USA) was used to obtain the ultrapure water used. Analytical-grade chemicals were used in all the experiments of this study.
Direct q uv3 system
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
The Direct-Q UV3 system is a water purification system designed to produce ultrapure water. It employs a combination of reverse osmosis and ultraviolet light technology to remove contaminants and ensure the purity of the water produced. The system's core function is to provide a reliable source of high-quality water for various laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Indium tin oxide coated plastic pet films, by MTI Corporation (2 mentions)
Poly methyl methacrylate pmma discs, by McMaster-Carr (2 mentions)
96 well high throughput plates, by Sarstedt (2 mentions)
Phloridzin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Phloretin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Quercetin 3 o glucoside, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Cyanidin 3 o galactoside, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Quercetin 3 o arabinoside, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
6 hydroxy 2 5 7 8 tetramethylchroman 2 carboxylic acid trolox, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Catechin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Quercetin, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Epicatechin, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Chlorogenic acid, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Quercetin 3 o rhamnoside, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Rutin, by Extrasynthese (1 mentions)
Potassium carbonate, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Lgd 4033, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methanol of lc ms grade, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
β glucuronidase escherichia coli, by Roche (1 mentions)
11 protocols using direct q uv3 system
1
Caffeic Acid: Bioactive Compound Evaluation
2
Synthesis and Characterization of PMMA Discs
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Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) discs (diameter = 5 cm, thickness = 0.2 cm) were acquired from McMaster-Carr (Robbinsville, NJ, USA), 96-well high throughput plates were purchased from Sarstedt (Newton, NC, USA) and indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated plastic PET films (height = 0.175 mm, width = 300 mm, length = 1 m, resistivity = 14 Ω/sq), were purchased from MTI Corporation (Richmond, CA, USA). Deionized water with 18.2 mΩ.cm resistivity at 25 °C was achieved using Millipore Direct-Q UV3 system with a 0.22 μm filter. Copy paper (8.5” × 11”) was bought from Staples (Towson, MD, USA), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pellets, and sodium phosphate-citric buffer was prepared using deionized water.
3
Antioxidant Compounds Isolation and Characterization
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Chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, rutin, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, (-)-epicatechin, and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside were supplied by Extrasynthese (Genay, France). quercetin-3-O-arabinoside, (+)-catechin, phloretin, phloridzin, and other compounds were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Munich, Germany); 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ) and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox) were purchased from Sigma (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, USA). Folin–Ciocalteu’s reagent and others of reagent-grade quality were from POCh (Gliwice, Poland). Ultrapure water was purified with a Millipore Direct-Q UV 3 System (Bedford, MA, USA). Flavonoids and solvents were HPLC-grade quality, and other reagents were at least reagent-grade quality.
4
Methanol Purification and Water Filtration
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The methanol employed in the experiments was HPLC grade (J. T. Baker, Phillipsburg, NJ, USA) and was filtered through a 0.45 µm membrane filter prior to use. Ultrapure water was obtained by passing redistilled water through a Direct-Q UV3 system, Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA).
5
Quantification of Ligandrol (LGD-4033) and Metabolites
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The standard of ligandrol (LGD-4033) was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals; TRC (Toronto, ON, Canada). Stock solution of standard substance was prepared at the concentration of 1 mg/mL and its working solutions (100 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, and 1 µg/mL) in methanol and stored at −20 °C.
Due to unavailability of certified reference materials of LGD-4033 metabolites, the reference urine collected from volunteers who ingested 50 µg of LGD-4033 dissolved in 120 mL of drinkable yogurt was utilized in the experiment [14 (link)].
LC/MS-grade of methanol and acetonitrile were purchased from MerckMillipore (Darmstadt, Germany) and Fisher Chemical (Hampton, NH, USA), respectively. Disodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate ≥ 99% purity were supplied by Honeywell (Charlotte, NC, USA), while potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate, both HPLC grade, were purchased at POCH S.A. (Gliwice, Poland). In turn, β-glucuronidase (Escherichia coli) and HPLC-grade methyl tert-butyl ether were supplied by Roche (Basel, Switzerland) and J.T.Baker (Philipsburg, NJ, USA), respectively. The Millipore DirectQ UV3 system (Darmstadt, Germany) was used as the source of water (R > 18 MΩ/cm). Sample preparation of dietary supplement samples followed the protocol described in [19 (link),20 (link)].
Due to unavailability of certified reference materials of LGD-4033 metabolites, the reference urine collected from volunteers who ingested 50 µg of LGD-4033 dissolved in 120 mL of drinkable yogurt was utilized in the experiment [14 (link)].
LC/MS-grade of methanol and acetonitrile were purchased from MerckMillipore (Darmstadt, Germany) and Fisher Chemical (Hampton, NH, USA), respectively. Disodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate ≥ 99% purity were supplied by Honeywell (Charlotte, NC, USA), while potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate, both HPLC grade, were purchased at POCH S.A. (Gliwice, Poland). In turn, β-glucuronidase (Escherichia coli) and HPLC-grade methyl tert-butyl ether were supplied by Roche (Basel, Switzerland) and J.T.Baker (Philipsburg, NJ, USA), respectively. The Millipore DirectQ UV3 system (Darmstadt, Germany) was used as the source of water (R > 18 MΩ/cm). Sample preparation of dietary supplement samples followed the protocol described in [19 (link),20 (link)].
6
Quantification of Amphetamine Analogues
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The standards of pure substances amphetamine, β-methylphenethylamine (1-amino-2-phenylpropane), and phentermine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Poland). Hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium sulfate, and boric acid were obtained from POCH (Poland). l -Cysteine, tert-butanol, and LC/MS-grade methanol were purchased from Merck Millipore (Germany). Diethyl ether and formic acid were from J.T.Baker (Holland), whereas methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) was purchased from Rathburn (Scotland). The Millipore DirectQ UV3 system (R > 18 MΩ/cm, Germany) was used as the source of water.
Stock solutions of standard substances were prepared at the concentration of 1 mg/ml in methanol and stored at −20 °C. Working solutions were prepared in methanol at the concentrations of 10 ng/ml, 1 μg/ml, or 100 μg/ml and were stored at 4 °C.
Stock solutions of standard substances were prepared at the concentration of 1 mg/ml in methanol and stored at −20 °C. Working solutions were prepared in methanol at the concentrations of 10 ng/ml, 1 μg/ml, or 100 μg/ml and were stored at 4 °C.
7
Optimization of Analytical Procedure for Landfill Leachate
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For the optimization of the analytical procedure a standard mixture containing 41 organic compounds at individual concentrations of 1.000 μg mL -1 was prepared by dissolving the required amount of the pure substances in 50 mL of n-hexane:acetone (1:1 v/v) solvent mixture. Different classes of organic compounds such as hydrocarbons, mono-and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, carbonyl compounds, terpenes, terpenoids, phenols, amines, and phthalates, covering a wide range of physicochemical properties and linked to the municipal landfill leachate were selected (Beldean-Galea et al. 2013) (link). The pure substances, with analytical grade purity, were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Supelco and Fluka. The composition of the standard mixture as well as different physicochemical proprieties is given in Table 1.
Table 1 Analytical grade sodium chloride was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Quentin Fallavier, France), acetone and n-hexane (99.99% purity) from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)
and chloroform and acetonitrile (99.99% purity) from Carlo Erba Reagents (Fontanay-sousbois, France). Helium in purity of 99.9999% was purchased from Air Liquide, France and ultra-pure water (Milli-Q water) was prepared using a Direct-Q UV 3 system (18.2 M.cm) from Millipore (Molsheim, France).
Table 1 Analytical grade sodium chloride was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (Saint Quentin Fallavier, France), acetone and n-hexane (99.99% purity) from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany)
and chloroform and acetonitrile (99.99% purity) from Carlo Erba Reagents (Fontanay-sousbois, France). Helium in purity of 99.9999% was purchased from Air Liquide, France and ultra-pure water (Milli-Q water) was prepared using a Direct-Q UV 3 system (18.2 M.cm) from Millipore (Molsheim, France).
8
Carboxyl-Functionalized Polystyrene Latex Beads
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Surfactant-free carboxyl-functionalized polystyrene latex beads (d = 0.45, 1.0, and 1.3 μm) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA).
The source of 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) was FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corp. (Tokyo, Japan). The oligo-DNAs were purchased from Tsukuba Oligo Service (Ibaraki, Japan) and Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT, Coralville, IA). The base sequences of the oligo-DNAs used in this study are provided in Table 1. The oligo-DNAs were dissolved in sterile water as a stock solution and stored at -20°C until used. The DNA concentration was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm. The molecular absorbance coefficient of each oligonucleotide was calculated using the software program OligoAnalyzer 3.1 (IDT, Coralville, IA). Other chemicals were commercially available and used without further purification. MilliQ-grade water (>18 MΩ m) produced with a Direct-Q UV 3 system (Millipore, Bedford, MA) was used throughout the experiments.
The source of 4-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride (DMTMM) was FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corp. (Tokyo, Japan). The oligo-DNAs were purchased from Tsukuba Oligo Service (Ibaraki, Japan) and Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT, Coralville, IA). The base sequences of the oligo-DNAs used in this study are provided in Table 1. The oligo-DNAs were dissolved in sterile water as a stock solution and stored at -20°C until used. The DNA concentration was determined by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm. The molecular absorbance coefficient of each oligonucleotide was calculated using the software program OligoAnalyzer 3.1 (IDT, Coralville, IA). Other chemicals were commercially available and used without further purification. MilliQ-grade water (>18 MΩ m) produced with a Direct-Q UV 3 system (Millipore, Bedford, MA) was used throughout the experiments.
9
Evaluation of 5-Chloroquinic Acid Purity
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Three commercial standards of 5-chloroquinic acid (5-CQA) were evaluated for purity: Sigma-Aldrich (USA), Chromadex (USA), and Phytolab (Germany). Caffeine standard was purchased from Sigma. Methanol and acetonitrile were high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade and obtained from Fisher Chemical. Formic acid was reagent grade (Sigma) and was mixed at the appropriate concentration in water. Water was purified from a Millipore Direct Q UV3 system.
10
Synthesis and Characterization of PMMA Discs
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