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5 protocols using gf109203x

1

Neurophysiological Recordings with Diverse Pharmacological Agents

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SST was purchased from Bachem. The following chemicals were products of R&D Systems: tetrodotoxin (TTX), kynurenic acid, picrotoxin, CGP55845, BAPTA, SCH23390, linopirdine, ZD7288, CH275, L-803,087, BIM 23052, 1R,1′S,3′R/1R,1′R,3′S)-L-054,264 (abbreviated as L-054,264), octreotide, CYN154806, GDP-β-S, MDL12330A, SQ22536, Rp-cAMPS, H89, KT5720, GF109203X, forskolin, IBMX, HJC0350. PKI(5-24) was provided by Enzo Life Sciences. Drugs were initially prepared in stock solution, aliquoted and stored at −20°C. For those chemicals which are only soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the concentration of DMSO was less than 0.1%. This concentration of DMSO either in the recording pipettes or in the bath had no significant effects on neuronal activity.
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2

Ex Vivo Cardiac Cell Culture Protocol

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For ex vivo cardiac cell cultures, E12.5 hearts from wild-type mice were digested for 1 hour in collagenase A and B (1 mg/ml) and then 3 minutes in .25% Trypsin-EDTA to a obtain single-cell suspension. The cells were seeded onto a pre-gelatinized 96 well plate in mouse differentiation media. After 24hours, the cells were scratched in the presence of DMSO or GF 109203X (R&D systems) according to the previous described protocols (Etienne-Manneville and Hall, 2001 (link); Liang et al., 2007 (link)) before fixation and immunostaining.
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Pharmacological Modulation of Ion Currents

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All drugs were purchased from Sigma (MO, USA) unless otherwise indicated. Stock solutions of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), pertussis toxin (PTX), cholera toxin (CTX), PMA (Tocris Bioscience, Ellisville, MO) and ω-conotoxin MVIIC (Tocris Bioscience, Ellisville, MO) were prepared in distilled deionized water. Z941 was a kind gift from Dr. Terrance P. Snutch (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada). Stock solutions of cholecystokinin-8 (Tocris Bioscience, Ellisville, MO), LY294002, CCK-4, nifedipine, forskolin, gallein, wortmannin, KT5720 (RD system), devazepide, LY225910, GW5823, BC264, SP600125, SB203580, anisomycin, PP2, PP3, Akt inhibitor III, U0126, and GF109203X were prepared in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The final concentration of DMSO in the bath solution was estimated to be less than 0.01%, and this compound had no functional effects on IA (not shown).
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4

Reagents for Cell Signaling Experiments

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Tg (#T9033-1MG), Im (#I3909-1ML), Tm (#T7765-1MG), 4μ8C (#SML0949-5MG), and PMA (P1585-1MG) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, UK. SubAB was purified from recombinant Escherichia coli, as described previously.58 (link) BTP2 (#sc-221441) was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (UK). BAPTA was from Life Technologies (UK, #B1205). Gö 6976 (#2253/1), Gö 6983 (#2285/1), Enzastaurin (#5994/10), and GF 109203X (#0741/1) were purchased from Bio-Techne R&D Systems (UK).
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5

Akt and ERK Signaling Pathway Assay

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Antibodies and reagents. Primary antibodies (Cell Signaling Technology) were mouse anti-Akt (#2920), rabbit anti-pAkt(S473) (#4060), rabbit anti-pAkt(T308) (#13038), mouse anti-ERK1/2 (#4696) and rabbit or mouse anti-ppERK1/2 (#4370 and 5726). Secondary antibodies (Invitrogen) were goat anti-rabbit Alexa Fluor 488 or 647 (A11008 and A21245) and goat antimouse 647 (A21236). EGF was from Sigma (E9644). Insulin, wortmannin, (PI3K inhibitor, #1232)), LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor, #1130)), GSK694002 (Akt inhibitor, #4144), PD184352 (MEK/ERK inhibitor, #PZ0181) GF109203X (PKC inhibitor, #0741), PP2 (Src inhibitor, #1407), SF1670 (PTEN inhibitor, #5020) and CX08005 (PTP1B inhibitor, #6144) were from R&D Systems. Culture reagents were from Sigma Aldrich. DAPI (D1306) and Hoechst 33342 (H3570) were from Thermo Fisher Scientific. pLenti Foxo1 Clover was a gift from Peter Rotwein (Addgene plasmid #67759; http://n2t/addgene:67759 ; RRID:Addgene_67759).
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