Spss 17.0 statistical analysis software

All data analysts were blind to animal experimental group members. Continuous variables were expressed as ±s, categorical data were expressed as M(means median). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis software (SPSS). Normal distribution was achieved by log transformation for some skewed data. Comparison among the four groups was done using ANOVA or Rank Sum Test; multiple comparison was executed by Least Significant Difference - t test(LSD-t) or Student - Newman - Keuls(SNK).

The SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis software (Armonk, NY, USA) was used for the statistical analysis of the experimental data. The significance of differences between groups was estimated by Student's t-test and the χ² test. The levels of HOTAIR in the gastric cancer patients were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. The levels of HOTAIR, CDH1 and miR34a in the gastric cancer patients were assessed by the Spearman's correlation analysis. The disease-free survival probability was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier methods and evaluated using the log-rank test. A P-value <0.05 were considered significant.

The average allele numbers, mean expected heterozygosity, and polymorphic information content (PIC) of the microsatellite loci were calculated using CERVUS version 3.0 (Kalinowski, Taper, & Marshall, 2007). The parentage analysis module available in CERVUS was used to calculate the success of assignment of candidate parents to the offspring. CERVUS uses a log (base e) likelihood algorithm to calculate the likelihood ratio (LOD) of a candidate male being the true parent compared with an random male. LOD scores are calculated for all possible sires, and the difference between the two most likely candidates (delta) is calculated and provides an indication of the reliability of the assignment. The delta score is calculated at a confidence level of 95% and corresponds to an estimated frequency of false positives of 5% (Moon, McCoy, Mushinsky, & Karl, 2006; Roques et al., 2004). First, the candidate mothers of each clutch were verified. Once the candidate mother and the offspring were matched, the paternal alleles were deduced from the comparison of both maternal and offspring genotypes. We assumed that clutches with more than two paternal alleles were multiple paternity. SPSS 17.0 Statistical Analysis Software and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze correlations between variables (e.g., body size of female or male, clutch size, and the number of offspring).

Parametric test was used to compare samples in case of continuous variables, normal distribution and appropriate numerousness. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to verify normal distribution. The Levene test was used to evaluate homogeneity of the variances. As parametric test, we used two-tailed Student t test to compare the average of the variables for homoscedastic paired groups. As nonparametric test, we used the two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired group. Continuity correction was applied in case of discrete distribution. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used to perform statistical analysis.