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3 protocols using streptavidin 594

1

Immunohistochemistry for Neuronal Markers

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We used the following antibodies: ChAT (Chemicon AB144P), Otx2 (R&D systems goat, catalog # AF1979), Tuj1 (Covance MMS-435P), pH3 (Millipore 06-570), parvalbumin (Millipore MAB1572), somatostatin (Santa Cruz sc-7819).
Cryosections were rinsed in PBS, blocked in 10% normal serum/PBST (1x PBS, 0.1% Triton X-100), incubated in primary antibody overnight (4° C), washed in PBST, incubated in secondary antibody 1–3 hours (room temperature), and washed in PBS. For fluorescent detection, we used Alexa 488- and Alexa 594-conjugated secondary antibodies (Invitrogen). For colorimetric detection, biotinylated secondary antibodies (Vector) were used with the ABC (Vector)/DAB detection method.
For ChAT IHC, antigen retrieval was achieved by incubating slides in 2.94g/L trisodium citrate dehydrate, 0.05% Tween-20, pH 6.0 for 15 minutes at 90° C. Blocking and antibody incubations were done in 1% BSA in PBST. Sections were incubated two days at 4° C with primary antibody, and signal was amplified with biotinylated anti-goat (Vector) prior to fluorescent detection with streptavidin-594 (Invitrogen).
For OTX2 IHC, we modified the IHC protocol according to the recommendations of Yuki Muranishi in the Furakawa lab (Osaka, Japan). Briefly, antigen retrieval was achieved as for ChAT IHC, and samples were blocked in 4% donkey serum in PBST.
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2

Visualizing CXCL12 Binding in Embryonic Hearts

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Hearts from wild-type E11.5 or E12.5 embryos were dissected into PBS (GIBCO, 14190-094). Following a brief incubation in PBS + 2% FBS at 37°C, tissue was blocked in DMEM containing 3.78uM unlabelled streptavidin (BioLegend, 405150) for 30 minutes at 37°C. Samples were washed twice in PBS + 2% FBS, and then incubated in media containing 200nM biotinylated-CXCL12 (Generon, OPCB00014) conjugated to streptavidin-594 (Invitrogen, S11227) for 30 minutes at 37°C. The biotinylated-CXCL12: streptavidin-594 conjugate was formed by incubating these components in a 1:4 molar ratio at room temperature for 3 minutes immediately prior to addition to the tissue, as per manufacturer’s instructions. For competition experiments, samples were co-incubated with 2μM unlabelled CXCL12 (R&D Systems, 350-NS). Samples were washed twice in ice cold DMEM, blocked with PBS + 0.5% BSA for 5 minutes at 4°C, fixed with 4% PFA for 10 minutes, and then washed twice with PBS at 4°C. Specimens were then embedded in OCT for cryosectioning and immunohistochemistry with anti-PECAM-1 antibody as described in ‘General Immunohistochemistry and Quantification’ with the exception that blocking was performed using PBS + 2%BSA. Images were acquired on a spinning disk microscope, as detailed above. Images were exported to FIJI and processed for publication.
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3

Immunofluorescent Labeling Protocol

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For immunofluorescent labelling, cells were seeded into 8 or 4 well µ-Slide chambered coverslips (Ibidi). Following the experimental procedures, cells were fixed using 4% PFA and quenched in 50 mM NH4Cl. Cells were permeabilized with 0.5% Saponin in 2% BSA-PBS then antibodies were diluted in the same buffer and incubated with the cells overnight at 4°C. Following three washing steps with PBS, secondary antibodies were applied for 1 h together with Hoechst (Invitrogen) and other dyes such as DraQ5 (Cell Signaling Technology), Phalloidin (Invitrogen) and Streptavidin594 (Invitrogen) depending on the experiment.
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