Polyvinyl alcohol (pva)

SA was purchased from the International Laboratory (USA). PVA was obtained from Daejung (Siheung-si, Korea). Organically modified MMT was provided by Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA) containing 25–30 weight% of trimethylstearyl ammonium. Glycerol with a purity of 84–88% was obtained from Riedel-de Haen (Seelze, Germany). The CTX drug was gifted by Global Pharmaceuticals Industry Islamabad (Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan). Sodium hydroxide (purity of 98–99.99%), potassium chloride (purity > 99.0%), Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (purity of ≥99.855%), and glacial acetic acid (purity of ≥99.855%) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA). Methanol, ethanol, chloroform, sodium acetate (NaOAc), and mono-potassium phosphate (KH₂PO₄) were provided by Merck and Co. (Darmstadt, Germany). Distilled water (dH₂O) was provided by COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus (Islamabad, Pakistan).

Diflunisal was supplied by AK Scientific (Union city, San Francisco, USA). Beta-cyclodextrin (βCD) and hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) were provided by Roquette (Lestrem, France). Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na) and Poloxamer-188 (PXM-188) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was purchased from Daejung (Siheung, Korea). All other materials were of analytical reagent grade and used as received.