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Streptavidin alkaline phosphatase

Manufactured by Roche
Sourced in United States, Germany

Streptavidin–alkaline phosphatase is a conjugate of the protein streptavidin and the enzyme alkaline phosphatase. It is used in various bioanalytical and diagnostic applications that involve the detection and quantification of target analytes.

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9 protocols using streptavidin alkaline phosphatase

1

NP-CGG Antibody Response Assay

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Antigens for immunization were prepared by mixing NP36-CGG (Biosearch Technologies) dissolved in PBS and 10% KAl(SO4)2 at 1:1 ratio and adjusting pH to 7, to form precipitate. Five micrograms of NP-CGG precipitated in alum was injected intraperitoneally for NP-specific antibody responses.
Microtitre plates were coated with the following: (i) 10 μg ml−1 NP30-BSA (Biosearch Technologies) in PBS, for measurement of NP-specific antibody, or (ii) 2.5 μg ml−1 goat anti-mouse κ- and goat anti-mouse λ-antibodies diluted in PBS containing Ca2+ and Mg2+, pH 7.0–7.2, for measurement of total serum antibodies. Nonspecific binding was blocked with 0.5% BSA in PBS. Serum samples were serially diluted in 0.5% BSA in PBS and were incubated in blocked plates overnight at 4 °C. Plates were incubated for 2 h with biotin-conjugated anti-IgM (1020-08, 1 μg ml−1, Southern Biotech), anti-IgG1 (1070-08, 1 μg ml−1, Southern Biotech) or anti-IgG (1030-08, 1 μg ml−1, Southern Biotech), for 1 h with streptavidin–alkaline phosphatase (Roche), and then with alkaline phosphatase substrate solution containing 4-nitro-phenyl phosphate (Sigma) for colour development, followed by quantification on a VERSAmax microplate reader (Molecular Devices).
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2

LCMV Antibody Detection Assay

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Microtiter plates were coated with lysate of LCMV Cl13–infected baby-hamster kidney (BHK) cells. Nonspecific binding was blocked with 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Serum samples were serially diluted in PBS with 1% BSA and incubated in blocked plates at 4°C overnight. Plates were incubated with biotin-conjugated anti-IgG (1030-08; Southern Biotech) for 2 hours, with streptavidin–alkaline phosphatase (Roche) for 1 hour, and then with alkaline phosphatase substrate solution containing 4-nitro-phenyl phosphate (Sigma-Aldrich) for color development, followed by quantification on a VERSAmax microplate reader (Molecular Devices).
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3

IFN-γ ELISpot Assay Protocol

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Enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) flat-bottomed, 96-well nitrocellulose plates (MAHA S4510, Millipore) were coated with IFN-γ mAb (2 μg ml−1, 1-D1K; MABTECH) and incubated for 2 h at 37 °C. After washing with PBS, plates were blocked with 10% human AB serum for 2 h at 37 °C. Cells were washed, concentrated, plated into each well titrating down in twofold serial dilutions starting from 400,000 PBMCs, in the presence of peptides, negative control (DMSO) and positive control (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin (PMA)/ionomycin). Plates were incubated for 24 h in a CO2 incubator. After incubation, the plates were semi-automatically washed with PBS and then IFN-γ mAb (0.2 μg ml−1, 7-B6–1-biotin; MABTECH) was added to each well. After incubation for 2 h at 37 °C, plates were washed and incubated with streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase (1 μg ml−1, Roche) for 1 h at room temperature. After washing unbound streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase, substrate (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate/NBT; Sigma-Aldrich) was added and incubated for 12–15 min for spots to develop. After incubation, plates were washed to remove substrate and dark-violet spots were evaluated using the CTL Immunospot analyzer and software (Cellular Technology Limited) as routinely performed in the laboratory38 (link).
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4

Quantitative Ultramicro ELISA for Anti-RBD IgG

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Anti-RBD IgG in sera was evaluated by a quantitative ultramicro ELISA (UMELISA SARS-CoV-2 anti- RBD, Center for Immunoassay, Havana, Cuba) using d-RBD as coating antigen (4 μg/mL) and an in-house standard- characterized serum, which was arbitrarily assigned 200 AU/mL (based on a half-maximal inhibitory titer of 200 and a conventional virus neutralization titer of 160). The standard curve comprised six two-fold serial dilutions (0, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 AU/mL) of the standard. Samples were evaluated in duplicate. After incubation step, biotin-conjugate anti-IgG human (0.1 μg/mL) (Sigma Aldrich, San Luis, EE UU) and later, streptavidin/alkaline-phosphatase Roche, Basel, Swiss) in appropriate buffers were added. The final fluorimetric reaction was induced by adding the substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate (SLS). The reference curve was constructed using a linear interpolation function. The concentration of anti-RBD IgG was expressed as AU/mL. The seroconversion rate was calculated by dividing the concentration at each time point (at Tx) by the pre-vaccination concentration (at T0). A rate ≥ 4 was considered as seroconversion. Serum samples for this assay were extracted on days 0, 14, 42, 56, 70, 84 and 7-8 months after the last dose
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5

IFN-γ ELISPOT Assay for Splenocyte Responses

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IFN-γ ELISPOT assay was performed by culturing 2 × 105 splenocytes per well in IFN-γ ELISPOT plates (MAHAS45; Millipore, Molsheim, France). Five peptide epitopes of hSGCA with the highest probability of presentation by H-2Kb MHC class I molecules were identified by the Immune Epitope Database (http://www.iedb.org) and synthesized by GeneCust. Cells were stimulated either with one of these peptides or with 1 μM hSGCA-GST recombinant protein or with SIINFEKL peptide. As a positive control, cells were stimulated with 5 μg/mL Concanavalin A (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). After 24 h of culture at 37°C, plates were washed and the secretion of IFN-γ was revealed with a biotinylated anti-IFN-γ antibody (eBioscience, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), Streptavidin-Alkaline Phosphatase (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany), and BCIP/NBT substrate (Mabtech, Les Ulis, France). Spots were counted using an AID reader (Cepheid Benelux, Leuven, Belgium) and the AID ELISpot Reader v6.0 software. Spot-forming units (SFUs) per million cells were represented after subtraction of background values obtained with unstimulated splenocytes.
IFN-γ secreted by splenocytes stimulated with the recombinant protein hSGCA-GST was measured with the Mouse IFN-gamma Quantikine ELISA Kit (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA).
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6

PBMC IFN-γ ELISpot Assay

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96-well MultiScreen IP plates (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) were coated with mouse anti-swine IFN-γ mAb (clone pIFN-γ, Mabtech, Nacka Strand, Sweden) overnight at 4 °C (100 μL/well; 10 μg/mL in PBS), washed with PBS and subsequently blocked with cell culture medium (RPMI 1640 with stable glutamine supplemented with 10% [v/v] fetal calf serum, 100 IU/mL penicillin and 0.1 mg/mL streptomycin, all from PAA) for one hour at 37 °C. Per well, 3 × 105 freshly isolated PBMCs were incubated with the FLUAVsw infection strain (multiplicity of infection, MOI 0.1) or mock for 24 h at 37 °C. Samples incubated in cell culture medium served as additional negative control. Thereafter, plates were washed and incubated with biotin-labeled mouse anti-IFN-γ mAbs (clone PAN, Mabtech, 100 μL/well; 0.5 μg/mL in PBS) for one hour at room temperature. This was followed by incubation with streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase (1:2000 in PBS supplemented with 0.01% Tween20 and 0.1% BSA, Roche, Mannheim, Germany) for one hour at room temperature and subsequent addition of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate/nitro blue tetrazolium substrate (100 μL/well, Sigma-Aldrich) according to manufacturer’s instructions. After intense washing and drying of plates, spots were analyzed with an AID ELISpot reader (AID, Straßberg, Germany).
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7

Serum Antibody ELISA for LCMV Detection

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Serum antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed as previously described [114 (link)]. Briefly, microplates were coated with LCMV-infected baby hamster kidney (BHK) cell lysates overnight. Subsequently, nonspecific binding was blocked by coating microplates with 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Serial dilutions of serum were carried out in 1% BSA in PBS. After overnight incubation, plates were incubated with purified biotin-conjugated anti-mouse IgG, IgG1, or IgG2a (1030–08, 1070–08, 1080–08; Southern Biotech) antibodies for 2 hrs. Antibody detection was further performed using streptavidin–alkaline phosphatase (11089161001, Roche) for 1 hour and then alkaline phosphatase substrate solution containing 4-nitro-phenyl phosphate (N2765-50TAB, Sigma-Aldrich) for approximately 30min. A CLARIOstar Plus microplate reader was used to quantify the results.
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8

Quantification of NP-Specific Antibodies

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Microtiter plates were coated with NP30-BSA or NP5-BSA (10 µg/ml in PBS; LGC Biosearch Technologies) for measurement of total or high-affinity NP-specific antibody, respectively. Nonspecific binding was blocked with 0.5% BSA in PBS. Serum samples were serially diluted in 0.5% BSA in PBS and were incubated in blocked plates at room temperature for 2 h. Plates were incubated for 2 h with biotin-conjugated anti-IgM (1020-08) or anti-IgG1 (1070-08; SouthernBiotech) for 1 h with streptavidin–alkaline phosphatase (Roche) and then with alkaline phosphatase substrate solution containing 4-nitro-phenyl phosphate (Sigma-Aldrich) for color development, followed by quantification on a microplate reader (VERSAmax; Molecular Devices).
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9

ELISpot and ELISA for NP-specific ASCs

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NP-specific ASCs in spleen or ASCs in the iPC differentiation system were detected using an ELISpot assay on a MultiScreen 96-well filtration plate (Millipore, MSIPS4W10) coated with 10 μg/ml NP29-BSA or anti-mouse kappa-UNLB and anti-mouse lambda-UNLB (2.5 µg/ml). Serially diluted cells were added to individual wells in triplicate and incubated for 6 h at 37 °C with 5% CO2. Anti-NP IgG1, Anti-IgG1 or Anti-IgE spots were revealed by biotin-conjugated anti-mouse IgG1 or IgE Ab (Southern Biotechnology, 1070-08) in conjunction with Av-HRP and AEC substrate (Vector Laboratories, A-2004& SK-4200).
For ELISA, flat-bottom 96-well plates (NUNC, 439454) were coated with NP-BSA (10 µg/ml) or anti-mouse kappa-UNLB and anti-mouse lambda-UNLB (2.5 µg/ml) in PBS. Nonspecific binding was blocked with 0.5% BSA in PBS. Serum samples were serially diluted in 0.5% BSA in PBS and were incubated in blocked plates at room temperature for 2 h. Plates were incubated with biotin-conjugated anti-Ig (Southern Biotech) for 2 h and with streptavidin–alkaline phosphatase for 1 h (Roche, 1089161), and then incubated with alkaline phosphatase substrate solution containing 4-nitro-phenyl phosphate (Sigma-Aldrich, N2765) for color development, followed by quantification on Molecular Devices (VERSA max).
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