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5 protocols using silicone oil ar20

1

Lipid Bilayer Formation for Nanopore Sensing

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1,2-Diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC, Avanti Polar Lipids, Alabaster, AL, USA), hexadecane (Sigma Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), silicone oil AR20 (Sigma Aldrich), α-hemolysin (Sigma Aldrich) and γ-cyclodextrin (Cyclolab, Budapest, Hungary) were used as received. The buffer for protein and γ-cyclodextrin dilution consisted of 1 M KCl (Sigma Aldrich) and 10 mM Tris–HCl (Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany), pH 7.0. The lipid solution was prepared by dissolving DPhPC (200 mg) in chloroform (10 mL, Chempur, Piekary Slaskie, Poland). The chloroform was evaporated under vacuum and the lipid film was re-solubilized in a mixture of 75% (v/v) hexadecane (Alfa Aesar, Karlsruhe, Germany) and 25% (v/v) silicone oil AR20 (Sigma Aldrich) to the final concentration 1 mg/mL.
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2

Fabricating Hydrophobic Microfluidic Devices

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Silicone oil (Silicone Oil AP 1,000, viscosity μ=1,000 mPa s, density ρ=1.09 g cm−3; Silicone Oil AP 100, μ=100 mPa s, ρ=1.06 g cm−3; Silicone Oil AR 20, μ=20 mPa s, ρ=1.01 g cm−3), methyltrichlorosilane, fluosilicic acid, glycol, glycerine and the surfactant Tween 60 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. and used as received. methyltrichlorosilane and fluosilicic acid were used to form a hydrophobic layer on the glass capillaries. The interfacial tension between water and silicone oil was adjusted by Tween 60; the viscosity of the dispensed liquids was varied by addition of glycerine.
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3

Lipid Reagent Preparation and Characterization

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Dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine, dioleoyl phosphatidylserine, egg SM, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine, GM1, NBD‐PC, and Bodipy‐Chol were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. TR–DHPE, AF–CTxB, and OG–DHPE were purchased from Invitrogen. Other chemicals, including NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, 4‐(2‐Hydroxyethyl)piperazine‐1‐ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), hexadecane, silicone oil AR 20, methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin, and SMase from Bacillus cereus were obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich. All the lipids were dissolved in chloroform or the mixture of chloroform and methanol, and stored in a refrigerator at −20 °C. NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2, and HEPES were dissolved in distilled water at concentrations of 100 × 10−3, 5 × 10−3, 2 × 10−3, and 10 × 10−3m, respectively, to prepare an aqueous buffer solution, followed by titration to pH 7.4 with a 0.5 m NaOH solution. The aqueous buffer solution was stored in the refrigerator at 4 °C. AF–CTxB and SMase were dissolved in the aqueous buffer at concentrations of 50 µg mL−1 and 5 U mL−1, respectively, and they were stored in the refrigerator at 4 °C.
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4

Reconstitution of γ-cyclodextrin Binding

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Reagents 1,2-Diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPhPC, Avanti Polar Lipids), hexadecane (Sigma Aldrich), silicone oil AR20 (Sigma Aldrich), and γ-cyclodextrin (Cyclolab) were used as received. The buffer for washing electrodes and protein and γ-cyclodextrin dilution consisted of 1 M KCl (Sigma Aldrich) and 10 mM Tris-HCl (Roth), pH 7.0. The lipid solution was prepared by dissolving DPhPC (200 mg) in chloroform (10 mL, Chempur). The chloroform was evaporated under vacuum and the lipid film was re-solubilized in a mixture of 75% IJv/v) hexadecane and 25% IJv/v) silicone oil AR20. S2 †). The curve was plotted using the saturation function (eqn (2)) and the dissociation constant (K d ) was found to be 61 ± 7 μM.
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5

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic PVDF Surfaces

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PVDF (Solef 6020/1001) was received from Solvay Solexis, France. 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) (99% extra pure) was purchased from Acros Organics, The Netherlands. Ethanol (99.8%) was supplied from Atlas and Assink chemical company, The Netherlands. Krytox GPL oil 101 was purchased from MAVOM chemical industry, The Netherlands. Silicone oil AR20 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, The Netherlands. Trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl)silane (FOTS, 97%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, The Netherlands. Perylene (sublimed grade, 99.5%) and Rhodamine 6G (dye content 99%) as fluorescent dyes for oil and water phases respectively were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, The Netherlands. n-Hexane and 2-propanol (analysis grade) were purchased from Merck milipore, The Netherlands. Sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 95-98%) was purchased from Merck milipore, The Netherlands. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) solution 30% (w/w) in H 2 O was supplied from Sigma-Aldrich, The Netherlands.
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