The structures of the biocomposite and each raw material were determined using infrared spectroscopy and diffraction patterns. The FTIR measurements were performed using a Nicolet iS5 infrared spectrometer (Thermo Corporation, USA). X-ray diffraction (XRD) data were obtained using a D8-Advance X-ray diffractometer (Bruker Corporation, Germany) equipped with nickel-filtered Cu-Kα radiation at 40 kV/30 mA. The patterns were collected at a scan speed of 0.02°/s at 2 theta angle of 10°–70°. Before the FTIR and XRD results were measured, the biocomposite was ground into a powder.
Nicolet is5 infrared spectrometer
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States
The Nicolet iS5 is an infrared spectrometer manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific. The instrument is designed to perform infrared spectroscopy analysis, a widely used analytical technique for identifying and characterizing the chemical composition of materials.
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Lab products found in correlation
D8 advance x ray diffractometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Uv 3100 spectrophotometer, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Ultra 55 microscope, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Quantax detector, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Axis ultra delay line detector, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Jobin yvon fluorolog 3 22, by Horiba (1 mentions)
C9920 02 absolute pl quantum yield measurement system, by Hamamatsu Photonics (1 mentions)
Uv 1900i spectrophotometer, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Lambda 650 uv vis spectrometer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Vario el cube, by Elementar (1 mentions)
Sigma 500 field emission scanning electron microscope, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
9 protocols using nicolet is5 infrared spectrometer
1
Structural Analysis of Biocomposite Materials
2
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Nanoparticle Assembly
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The assembly mechanisms of DOG/MOFA/ICG nanoparticles were investigated using computer simulations. Molecular dynamics (MD) calculations were carried out using the Discovery Studio software based on the CharMM (Chemistry at Harvard Macromolecular Mechanics). In the simulation phase, the dielectric constant was 80 (simulating an aqueous environment), using a leapfrog Verlet dynamics integrator. In the first step, the energy minimization was performed using the steepest descent method (maximum step: 100, RMS gradient: 1.0). In the heating phase we simulated 50 ps (time step: 2 ps) at a target temperature of 300 K. The equilibrium phase was run for 100 ps to keep the temperature at 300 K. In the production step, 1,000,000 ps were run and the results were saved in 1,000 ps intervals (snapshots). The Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum was performed on a Thermo Fisher Nicolet Is5 infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States).
3
Comprehensive Characterization of Novel Materials
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SEM images were obtained using an Ultra-55 microscope (Carl Zeiss AG) equipped with a secondary in-lens electron detector, together with a QUANTAX detector (Bruker Corporation) for EDS. XPS was performed using an AXIS Ultra delay-line detector (DLD) (Kratos Analytical) equipped with a monochromatic Al-Kα X-ray source (1253.6 eV); the binding energies were calibrated at the Au 4 f level (84.0 eV). Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) patterns were obtained with a large Debye–Scherrer camera installed at the BL02B2 beamline (SPring-8), using an imaging plate as the detector and an incident X-ray wavelength of 0.9988 Å. FTIR spectra were measured in attenuated total reflection (ATR) mode with a diamond crystal using the Nicolet iS5 infrared spectrometer (Thermo Scientific). Electronic absorption and luminescence spectra were recorded on a UV-3100 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation) with an absolute specular reflectance attachment and a Jobin Yvon FluoroLog 3–22 (Horiba Scientific), respectively. The excitation light intensity was adjusted using neutral-density (ND) filters. Fluorescence quantum yields were measured using a C9920-02 Absolute PL Quantum Yield Measurement System (Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.).
4
Collagen IR Spectroscopy Analysis Protocol
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Collagen IR spectrum measurements were carried by infrared spectrometer (Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5 Infrared Spectrometer, MA, USA). The collagen sponges were grounded to powder with KBr (Spectral pure, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China), and the mixture was pressed to films. The main parameters of IR setting were the resolution for 4 cm-1 and the scan number for 64 times and the SNR for greater than 25,000. The spectrum between 4000–400 cm-1 was recorded.
5
NMR and IR Spectroscopy of Compounds
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The mom-dimensional (500 MHz) and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the compounds were recorded in chloroform-d and methanol-d4 using a JEOL JNM ECX 500 NMR spectrometer with tetramethylsilane (TMS) as a resonance internal standard. The coupling constants are expressed in Hertz. The chemical shifts are expressed in δ parts per million (ppm). The IR spectra were established using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5 Infrared Spectrometer in KBr. Electrospray (ESI)-MS spectra were obtained by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) Xevo G2 Q time-of-flight (TOF) system (Waters).
6
UV and FT-IR Spectroscopy of Polysaccharides
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The UV spectrum of polysaccharide samples was determined by a UV-1900i spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Japan) with a scanning range of 200–400 nm. The attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum of NPCP was analyzed by the Nicolet iS5 infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) in the wavenumber range of 4000–600 cm−1.
7
Synthesis and Characterization of Arsenoplatins
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The arsenoplatins AP-1 and AP-2 were prepared according to their reported procedures [20 (link)]. Commercially available chemicals were purchased through Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstad, Germany). Combustion analysis was performed at Northwestern University using the Elementar Vario-El Cube instrument. Ambient temperature NMR spectra were recorded on the Bruker Advance III 500 MHz system is equipped with a DCH CryoProbe. The FT-IR spectra were recorded using Nicolet iS5 Infrared Spectrometer (Thermo Scientific). The electron absorption spectra were recorded using a PerkinElmer Lambda 650 UV/VIS Spectrometer.
8
Comprehensive Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticles
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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize Fe 3 O 4 MNPs, MNPs-NH 2 and immobilize LDH. SEM was performed using a ZEISS Sigma 500 field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with a state-of-the-art backscatter detector (Oberkochen, Germany). TEM was performed using a field emission transmission electron microscope JEM-2100F with an accelerating voltage of 200 kV by Japan Electronics Co. (Tokyo, Japan). XRD was obtained using a Rigaku UltimalV Xray polycrystalline diffractometer equipped with a graphite monochromator with high reflection efficiency (Tokyo, Japan). FTIR spectra were analyzed using a Thermo Scientific Nicolet IS5 infrared spectrometer equipped with a temperature-controlled diode laser (Massachusetts, USA).
9
FTIR Analysis of Erythrocytes Membranes
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Erythrocytes membrane was mixed with finely ground powder KBr to prepare the KBr-disks that were used in analysis. This mixture was placed in a special holder pro-vided by the manufacturer and pressed under vacuum at 3 tons (13.8 MPa) for 2 min to produce IR-KBr disks (Sherif 2010) (link). FTIR measurements were carried out using Nicolet-iS5 infrared spectrometer (ThermoFisher Scientific Inc, Madison, USA) with effective resolution of 2 cm -1 . Each spectrum was derived from 100 sample interferograms. The spectrometer was operated under a continuous dry N 2 gas purge to remove interference from atmospheric CO 2 and H 2 O vapor. The spectra were baseline corrected and then smoothed with Savitsky-Golay to remove the noise before Fourier transformation. Three spectra from each sample were obtained and averaged using OriginPro 7.5 software to obtain the final average group spectrum that was normalized and analyzed for the following spectral regions: 4000-3000 cm -1 (NH-OH region), 3000-2800 cm -1 (CH stretching region), 1800-1600 cm -1 (amide I region) and 1600-900 cm -1 (fingerprint region), and then subjected to curve enhancement analysis using a combination of Fourier deconvolution and non-linear curve fitting. The second derivative of the group spectrum was employed to confirm the number of the estimated peaks.
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