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8 protocols using taqman fast advanced cells to ct kit

1

Quantifying Gene Expression via qRT-PCR

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This test was performed using TaqMan® Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The predesigned human-specific primers with TaqMan probes that were used in this study were ACTB TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay (FAM) (assay ID: Hs99999903_m1, Thermo Fisher Scientific); NFE2L2 TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay (FAM) (assay ID: Hs00975961_g1, Thermo Fisher Scientific); AHR TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay (FAM) (assay ID: Hs00169233_m1, Thermo Fisher Scientific); and PPARA TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay (FAM) (assay ID: Hs00947536_m1, Thermo Fisher Scientific) (Table I). The ∆∆Cq method was used to calculate the fold gene expression of NFE2L2 or AhR. ACTB was used as a housekeeping gene to normalize the Ct values (17 (link)). The formulas used in this study were as follows: ∆Cq=Cq (gene of interest)-Cq (housekeeping gene); ∆∆Cq=∆Cq (Sample)-∆Cq (Control average); Fold gene expression=2−(∆∆Cq).
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2

Antisense Oligomer Transdifferentiation Assay

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Four days after onset of transdifferentation of P1 cells, antisense oligomer (specifically, PMO) treatments were carried out in 96-well plates for an additional 2 days. PMOs were rationally designed to target the nucleotide of interest, but avoid both the native splice acceptor and branch site. PMOs were purchased from GeneTools, LLC including a standard control and were reconstituted as 1-mM stock solutions in water. The oligomer solutions were added to each well at a final concentration of 10 μM and the plate was gently swirled after each oligomer addition. Endo-Porter (8 μM, Gene Tools, SKU:OT-EP-PEG1) was added directly to each well, and the plate was vigorously swirled after each addition. Cells were lysed at the end of the treatment period using Taqman Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat #A35378). PMO sequences were: PMO 1 [5′-GCCTAGCGAGAAGGACATGGTCACC-3′], PMO 2 [5′-CTAGCGAGAAGGACATGGTCACCGC-3′], PMO3[5′-AGGCCTAGCGAGAAGGACATGGTCA-3′], PMO 4 [5′-AGCGAGAAGGACATGGTCACCGCCA-3′], PMO 5 [5′-CGAGAAGGACATGGTCACCGCCACC-3′].
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3

RT-qPCR Analysis of Lipid Metabolism Genes

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RNA was extracted and converted to cDNA in one-step using a TaqMan™ Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT™ Kit (Thermo). Relative expression levels of mRNAs encoding the selected genes were measured according to the manufacturer’s protocol by RT-qPCR using specific TaqMan gene expression assays (Thermo, Australia), the following genes were analyzed on a ViiATM 7 Real-Time PCR System using MicroAmp Endura Plates with optical adhesive covers: Lrp8 (Cat. #: 4331182; Assay ID: Mm00474030_m1), Gpx4 (Cat. #: 4351372; Assay ID: Mm04411498_m1), Notch1 (Cat. #: 4331182; Assay ID: Mm00627185_m1) and β-actin (Cat. #: 4448489; Assay ID: Mm01205647_g1). The expression levels of Lrp8 were normalized to β-actin and calculated as fold-change vs WT by the 2–∆∆Ct method.
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4

Quantitative Analysis of Cell Cycle Regulators

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HeLa S3 cells were transfected with siCtrl, siIGF1R #1, or #2, and 40 h later, cells were treated with 4 mM thymidine (T1895-10G, Merck) for 24 h. Subsequently, cells were washed and then cultured with prewarmed fresh medium for 8 h. Cells were lysed, treated with DNaseI, and reverse-transcribed into cDNA using the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Quantitative PCR was performed using TaqMan probe-based gene expression analysis and QuantStudio 1 (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The primers and probes purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific were as follows: cyclin B1 (CCNB1, Hs01030099_m1), Aurora A (AURKA, Hs01582072_m1), Aurora B (AURKB, Hs00945858_g1), CDC25B (CDC25B, Hs01582335_m1), GAPDH (GAPDH, Hs02786624_g1), CENPB (CENPB, Hs00374196_s1), CENPF (CENPF, Hs01118845_m1), CDK1 (CDK1, Hs00938777_m1), PLK1 (PLK1, Hs00983227_m1), and β-actin (ACTB, Hs01060665_g1). Expression of the housekeeping gene ACTN or GAPDH was used as internal control. Relative expression was analyzed by the ∆∆Ct method using Ct values.
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5

Quantification of ER Stress Markers in HT-29 Cells

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Total mRNA from HT-29 cells was extracted and reverse transcribed using TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct Kit (Thermo Fisher, A35374) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, cells were washed in PBS and lysed for five minutes at room temperature with DNase treatment. Cell lysates (45% v/v for RT reaction) were used for reverse transcription to generate cDNA. 1-2 μL of cDNA was used for Taqman Gene Expression Assays. Expression of mRNA was calculated after normalization to ACTB mRNA. Probes against XBP1s (Hs03929085_g1), XBP1u (Hs02856596_m1), IRE1α(Hs00176385_m1), PERK (Hs00984005_m1), HSPA5 (Hs00607129_gH), DDIT3 (Hs00358796_g1), and ACTB (Hs99999903_m1) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific.
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6

RNA Extraction and RT-qPCR Analysis

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Total RNA extraction, reverse transcription, and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) amplification was performed using the TaqMan Fast Advanced Cells-to-Ct Kit following the manufacturer's instructions (Thermo Fisher). Briefly, cells were washed in PBS and lysed in solution containing DNase for 5 minutes at room temperature. Lysis was terminated at room temperature by a 2-minute incubation with Stop Solution. Lysates were reverse transcribed in a SimpliAmp Thermal cycler (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, California, USA). Quantification of selected genes was done using specific primers for Ifit2, Ifit3, Irf7, Spp1, Axl, Trem2 and Gapdh (Life Technologies) in a 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR system (Applied Biosystem, Life Technologies). Gapdh was used as housekeeping gene.
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7

Total RNA Extraction and qPCR Analysis

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Total RNA was extracted from cells using TRIzol® Reagent (Life Technologies, Cat. No. 15596018), then cDNA was synthesized using ReverTra Ace® qPCR RT Master Mix (TOYOBO CO., LTD, Cat. No. FSQ-201). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed using Power Up™ SYBR™ Green Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, Cat. No. A25742) or THUNDERBIRD® Probe qPCR Mix (TOYOBO CO., LTD, Cat. No. QPS-101). As another procedure, using TaqMan™ Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT™ Kit (Invitrogen) in accordance with the manufacturer’s protocol, after cells were lysed cDNA was synthesized and then quantitative real-time PCR was performed. The TaqMan™ IDs (Applied Biosystems) of the gene expression assay were as follows: Gapdh (Mm99999915_g1), Alp (Mm00475834_m1), and Osteocalcin (Mm03413826_mH). Following are the sequences of the specific PCR primers (Life Technologies): Gapdh: 5ʹ-AAATGGTGAAGGTCGGTGG-3ʹ and 5ʹ-TGAAGGGGTCGTTGATGG-3ʹ, Npnt: 5ʹ-CACGAGTAATTACGGTTGACAACAG-3ʹ and 5ʹ-CTGCCGTGGAATGAACACAT-3ʹ.
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8

Comprehensive RNA Extraction and qPCR Analysis

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Total RNA was extracted from cells using TRIzol® Reagent (Life Technologies, Cat. No. 15596018), then cDNA was synthesized using ReverTra Ace® qPCR RT Master Mix (TOYOBO CO., LTD, Cat. No. FSQ-201).
Quantitative real-time PCR was performed using Power Up™ SYBR™ Green Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, Cat. No. A25742) or THUNDERBIRD® Probe qPCR Mix (TOYOBO CO., LTD, Cat. No. QPS-101). As another procedure, using TaqMan™ Fast Advanced Cells-to-CT™ Kit (Invitrogen) in accordance with the manufacturer's protocol, after cells were lysed cDNA was synthesized and then quantitative realtime PCR was performed. The TaqMan™ IDs (Applied Biosystems) of the gene expression assay were as follows: Gapdh (Mm99999915_g1), Alp (Mm00475834_m1), and Osteocalcin (Mm03413826_mH). Following are the sequences of the speci c PCR primers (Life Technologies): Gapdh: 5'-AAATGGTGAAGGTCGGTGG-3' and 5'-TGAAGGGGTCGTTGATGG-3', Npnt: 5'-CACGAGTAATTACGGTTGACAACAG - 3' and 5'-CTGCCGTGGAATGAACACAT-3'.
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