Methylammonium iodide

Manufactured by Xi'an Yuri Solar Co.

Sourced in China

Methylammonium iodide is a chemical compound used as a precursor in the synthesis of perovskite materials for photovoltaic applications. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in polar solvents.

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Methylammonium iodide (MAI), (6 citations)

15 protocols using methylammonium iodide

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Lead iodide (PbI2, > 99.99%), methylammonium iodide (MAI, > 99.5%), BAI (99.5%), and lithium-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (Li-TFSI, > 99%) were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. NH₄SCN was purchased from Aladdin. 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis-(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD, > 99.8%), 4-tert-butyl pyridine (tBP, 96%), and ultra-dry anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.7%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All materials are not further purified before use.

Jin X., Yang L, & Wang X.F. (2021). Efficient Two-Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells Realized by Incorporation of Ti3C2Tx MXene as Nano-Dopants. Nano-Micro Letters, 13, 68.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Methylammonium iodide (MAI, ≥99.5%) was purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp., Xi’an, China. Lead iodide (PbI₂, 99.9985%) and lead chloride (PbCl₂, 98%) were purchased from Alfa-Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA. Titanium (IV) diisopropoxide bis (acetylacetonate) (75 wt.%) and 1-butanol (99.8%) for the TiO₂ blocking layer were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8% anhydrous), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, ≥99.9% anhydrous), and diethyl ether (DEE, ≥99.7 anhydrous) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Vidyasagar D., Yun Y.H., Shin S., Jung J., Park W., Lee J.W., Han G.S., Ko C, & Lee S. (2021). In-Situ Nano-Auger Probe of Chloride-Ions during CH3NH3PbI3−xClx Perovskite Formation. Materials, 14(5), 1102.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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PEDOT:PSS (Clevios PVP Al 4083), methylammonium iodide (MAI, 99.5%), PbCl₂ (99.99%), PbI₂ (99.99%), PCBM (99%) were purchased form Xi'an Polymer Light Technology Corp (China), while N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.9%), chlorobenzene (CB, 99.8%) and Alq₃ (99.995%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. A solution of 0.14 M PbCl₂, 1.26 M PbI₂ and 1.4 M MAI in a cosolvent of DMSO and DMF (vol. ratio = 1 : 9) was prepared in a glove box and stirred overnight under room temperature. 15 mg PCBM was dissolved in 1 mL CB and stirred overnight under room temperature.

Chen L., Wang G., Niu L., Yao Y., Guan Y., Cui Y, & Song Q. (2018). High performance planar p-i-n perovskite solar cells based on a thin Alq3 cathode buffer layer. RSC Advances, 8(29), 15961-15966.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Lead nitrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, chlorobenzene and isopropanol were purchased from Aladdin. SnO₂ colloid was purchased from Alfa Aesar. Methylammonium iodide (MAI), methylammonium chloride (MACl) and Spiro-OMeTAD were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. ITO glasses with a sheet resistance of 8 Ω/sq were also purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. All chemicals were used as recieved.

Du C., Wang S., Miao X., Sun W., Zhu Y., Wang C, & Ma R. (2019). Polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive for perovskite solar cells with water and isopropanol as solvents. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 10, 2374-2382.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Cesium iodide (CsI, > 99.9%), formamidinium iodide (FAI, > 99.5%), methylammonium iodide (MAI, > 99.5%), lead(II) iodide (PbI₂, > 99.99%), lead(II) bromide (PbBr₂, > 99.99%), bathocuproine (BCP), and [6, 6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology. Tin(II) iodide (SnI₂, 99.99%), tin(II) fluoride (SnF₂, 99%), nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate [Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O], 2-methoxyethanol, acetylacetone, ammonia, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.8%), isopropanol (IPA), chlorobenzene (CB), γ-butyrolactone (GBL), and anisole were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. d-Homoserine lactone hydrochloride (D-HLH) was purchased from Macklin. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS, Clevios™ PVP AI 4083) was purchased from Heraues.

Zhang Z., Liang J., Wang J., Zheng Y., Wu X., Tian C., Sun A., Chen Z, & Chen C.C. (2022). Resolving Mixed Intermediate Phases in Methylammonium-Free Sn–Pb Alloyed Perovskites for High-Performance Solar Cells. Nano-Micro Letters, 14, 165.

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Synthesis of Perovskite Materials

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Lead (II) iodide (99.999%) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Methylammonium chloride, methylammonium bromide (>99.5%), methylammonium iodide (>99.5%), and Spiro-OMeTAD were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology in China.

Fan H., Li F., Wang P., Gu Z., Huang J.H., Jiang K.J., Guan B., Yang L.M., Zhou X, & Song Y. (2020). Methylamine-assisted growth of uniaxial-oriented perovskite thin films with millimeter-sized grains. Nature Communications, 11, 5402.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Detailed synthesis information of methylammonium iodide (MAI) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) can be found in the previous work.^[⁵²^] Lead (II) iodide (PbI₂, 99.99%) and polyTPD was purchased from Xi'an Polymer Light Technology in China. Cesium bromide (CsBr, 99.99%), N,N‐Dimethylformamide (DMF, anhydrous, 99.8%), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, anhydrous, 99.9%) and were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Zinc acetate (Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O, 99.99%) was purchased from Aladdin. The tin(IV) dioxide (SnO₂, 15% in H₂O) was obtained from Alfa Aesar. High transmittance ITO (resistance ≈15 Ω sq⁻¹, maximum transmittance ≈94% at ≈550 nm, size of 20 × 15 × 0.7 mm³) was purchased from You Xuan Ltd.

Wang P., Wang H., Mao Y., Zhang H., Ye F., Liu D, & Wang T. (2020). Organic Ligands Armored ZnO Enhances Efficiency and Stability of CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells. Advanced Science, 7(21), 2000421.

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Perovskite Photovoltaic Material Synthesis

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The perovskite materials, including methylammonium iodide (CH₃NH₃I, >99.99%), lead(ii) iodide (PbI₂, >99.99%) and lead(ii) chloride (PbCl₂, >99.99%), and hole transport materials, containing Spiro-OMeTAD, tert-butylpyridine and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt were purchased from Xi'an Polymer Light Technology Corp (China) and used without further purification. The solvent used in this work, such as N,N-dimethylformide (DMF), chlorobenzene (CB) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were brought from Sigma-Aldrich. SnO₂ colloid precursor was purchased from Alfa Aesar (tin(iv) oxide, 15% in H₂O colloidal dispersion). Guanidinium (GA) chloride was obtained from Adamas (>99.5%). Perovskite precursor was prepared according to our previous report by dissolving 1.4 M CH₃NH₃I, 1.26 M PbI₂, 0.14 M PbCl₂ in a co-solvent of DMSO and DMF (vol. ratio = 9 : 1) in a glove box followed by stirring overnight at room temperature.

Yu M., Chen L., Li G., Xu C., Luo C., Wang M., Wang G., Yao Y., Liao L., Zhang S, & Song Q. (2020). Effect of guanidinium chloride in eliminating O2− electron extraction barrier on a SnO2 surface to enhance the efficiency of perovskite solar cells. RSC Advances, 10(33), 19513-19520.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication Protocol

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Unless the special statement, all materials were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich or TCI and used without further purification. The SnO₂ solution was purchased from Alfa Aesar (tin (IV) oxide, 15 wt% in H₂O colloidal dispersion). Dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.7%), ethyl acetate (EA, 99.8%) and Chlorobenzene (CB, 99.8%) were purchased from Acros; 4-tert-butyl pyridine (tBP, 96%), lithium bistrifluorosulfonyl imide (LiTFSI, 99.95%), lead iodide (PbI₂, 99.99%) and lead bromine (PbBr₂, 99%) were purchased from TCI. Methylammonium iodide (MAI), methylammonium chloride (MACl), methylammonium bromine (MABr) and 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis-(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-MeOTAD, 99.5%) were purchased from Xi'an Polymer Light Technology Corp. Indium tin oxide (ITO, Transmission>95%) substrates were purchased from South China Science & Technology Company limited.

Peng Q., Zheng X., Zhang X., You S., Li L., Zhao Y., Zhang S., Luo L., Zeng H, & Li X. (2020). Radical Molecular Modulator for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells. Frontiers in Chemistry, 8, 825.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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PbI₂, methylammonium iodide (MAI), and PTAA were purchased from Xi’an Polymer Light Technology Corp. N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) (99.8%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (99.8%), and F₄-TCNQ were received from Sigma-Aldrich. C₆₀ and BCP were purchased from American Dye Source Inc. All materials mentioned above were used as received without further purification.

Li Z., Dong J., Liu C., Guo J., Shen L, & Guo W. (2019). Surface Passivation of Perovskite Solar Cells Toward Improved Efficiency and Stability. Nano-Micro Letters, 11, 50.

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