Initiator microwave synthesizer

Manufactured by Biotage

Sourced in Sweden

The Initiator microwave synthesizer is a laboratory instrument designed for rapid and efficient chemical synthesis. It utilizes microwave irradiation to heat and accelerate chemical reactions, enabling the synthesis of a variety of organic compounds in a shorter timeframe compared to traditional heating methods.

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Lab products found in correlation

Amx 400 spectrometer, by Bruker (3 mentions) Microwave reaction vial, by Biotage (1 mentions) Hs c18 column, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tlc silica gel 60 f254, by Merck Group (1 mentions) C18 column, by Phenomenex (1 mentions) 400 mhz instrument, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Lcq deca, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Ez reader 2 plate reader, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Lc 20ad, by Phenomenex (1 mentions) Sil 20a, by Phenomenex (1 mentions) Onyx monolithic c 18 column, by Shimadzu (1 mentions) Lc ms 2020, by Phenomenex (1 mentions) 400 mhzinstrument model 4001s41asp, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions) Tools, by AutoDock (1 mentions) Lc ms msd, by Hewlett-Packard (1 mentions) Avance 400, by Bruker (1 mentions) Dpx 400, by Bruker (1 mentions) Amx 400 nmr spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Initiator (43 citations) Initiator microwave (20 citations) Initiator 2.5 Microwave Synthesizer (5 citations) Biotage microwave synthesizer (3 citations)

13 protocols using initiator microwave synthesizer

Synthesis of Azidopeptide-Conjugated ON1-BCN

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ON1-BCN (90 nmol, 0.25 ml, dissolved in Milli-Q water) was added to a solution of azidopeptide (113 nmol) in DMSO (0.8 ml) before H₂O (0.55 ml) was added. The resulting solution was transferred to a Biotage microwave reaction vial (2 ml) and sealed under an atmosphere of nitrogen. The reaction was carried out on a Biotage Initiator microwave synthesizer at 60 °C for 2 h, whereupon all solvents were removed in vacuo and the residue was re-dissolved in Milli-Q water. The synthesis procedure was repeated four times. The four crude solutions (from 360 nmol ON1-BCN) were combined, filtered using a GHP Acrodisc 13 mm syringe filter with 0.45 μm GHP membrane and the solution was heated at 90 °C for 2 min to denature secondary structures before slowly cooling down to room temperature to give a solution of crude product ready for further purification.

Lou C., Martos-Maldonado M.C., Madsen C.S., Thomsen R.P., Midtgaard S.R., Christensen N.J., Kjems J., Thulstrup P.W., Wengel J, & Jensen K.J. (2016). Peptide–oligonucleotide conjugates as nanoscale building blocks for assembly of an artificial three-helix protein mimic. Nature Communications, 7, 12294.

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Characterization of Organic Compounds by NMR and HRMS

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NMR spectra were recorded on the Bruker AMX-400 spectrometer at 400 MHz. NMR experiments were recorded in CDCl₃ and DMSO-d₆ at 25 °C. Chemical shifts are given in parts per million (ppm) downfield from internal standard Me₄Si (TMS). High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) (electrospray ionization (ESI)) were recorded on a vanquish UHPLC/HPLC system coupled with high-resolution (35000) Q Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The microwave reactions were conducted using Biotage® Initiator+ microwave synthesizer. Unless otherwise stated, all reagents and solvents were purchased from commercial suppliers and used without further purification. Reactions which required in anhydrous conditions were carried out under an atmosphere of argon/nitrogen. Chromatography was executed on Biotag-Isolera and/or CombiFlash instruments, using silica gel (230–400 mesh) and/or neutral alumina as the stationary phase and mixtures of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and hexanes or dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol as eluents. Analytical HPLC analysis was performed on a Supelco Discovery HS C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm) with a linear elution gradient of water/methanol (containing 10 mM ammonium acetate) ranging from 80:20 to 0:100 for 50 min at flow rate of 0.9 mL/min, at 254 nm. A purity of > 95% has been established for all tested compounds.

Kancharla P., Dodean R.A., Li Y., Pou S., Pybus B., Melendez V., Read L., Bane C.E., Vesely B., Kreishman-Deitrick M., Black C., Li Q., Sciotti R.J., Olmeda R., Luong T.L., Gaona H., Potter B., Sousa J., Marcsisin S., Caridha D., Xie L., Vuong C., Zeng Q., Zhang J., Zhang P., Lin H., Butler K., Roncal N., Gaynor-Ohnstad L., Leed S.E., Nolan C., Ceja F.G., Rasmussen S.A., Tumwebaze P.K., Rosenthal P.J., Mu J., Bayles B.R., Cooper R.A., Reynolds K.A., Smilkstein M.J., Riscoe M.K, & Kelly J.X. (2020). Lead Optimization of Second-Generation Acridones as Broad-Spectrum Antimalarials. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 63(11), 6179-6202.

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Synthesis of N,N-Dimethyl-4-(diethoxyphosphoryl)butylamine

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Example 19

[Figure (not displayed)]

A mixture of diethyl (4-bromobutyl)phosphonate (5.0 g, 18.3 mmol) with NHMe₂(5.6 M in EtOH, 10 mL, excess) was placed, with a magnetic stiffing bar, into a 20 ml glass reaction tube and sealed. The reaction mixture was heated in the Biotage® Initiator Microwave Synthesizer at 110° C. (5 min). Volatiles were removed on a rotovap and the crude material was purified by Dry Column Vacuum Chromatography (DCVC) on silica gel (50 g silica, 3.5 cm×5.5 cm) eluting first with 150 mL (10% MeOH/acetone) collecting 250 mL (10% MeOH/10% NH₄⁺OH⁻/80% acetone). Yield 81% (3.55 g); TLC (20% NH₄⁺OH⁻/acetone), Rf=0.50; ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 4.06-3.92 (m, 4H, H7), 2.85 (t, 2H, J=7.96 Hz, H6), 2.62 (s, 6H, H5), 1.83-1.53 (m, 6H, H4-H2 overlap), 1.22 (t, 6H, J=7.04 Hz, H1) ppm; ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 61.71 (d, ²J_CP=6.60 Hz, C7), 57.68 (C6), 43.58 (C5), 25.68 (t, ¹J_CP=14.07 Hz, C2), 24.13 (C4), 19.90 (d, ²J_CP=4.60 Hz, C3), 16.41 (d, ³J_CP=6.22 Hz, C1) ppm; ³¹P NMR (121.45 MHz, CDCl₃, δ): 30.89 ppm.

US10327447B2. Phosphonate functional antimicrobial coatings for metal surfaces (2019-06-25). NANO SAFE COATINGS INCORPORATED [US]. Inventors: Lukasz Porosa [CA], Gideon Wolfaardt [CA], Daniel Foucher [CA].

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Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Compounds

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All solvents and reagents were purchased from commercial sources and were used without
further purification. ¹H spectra were recorded on a Bruker AV 400 MHz liquid
spectrometer at room temperature (rt) using CDCl₃, MeOD, or DMSO as a
solvent. Chemical shifts are reported in ppm relative to internal standard
tetramethylsilane (TMS) or solvent resonance. Purity of the compounds was determined by
HPLC with a C18 column (50 × 4.6 mm, 3 μm), flow rate = 1.3 mL/min, using a
gradient of 10–90% MeCN/H₂O (0.1% TFA) and measuring UV absorbance at
254 nm. Purity of all final compounds used in biological assays was at least 95%. HPLC
traces of all final compounds 7 and 11–14are shown in Figures S4 and S5. Reactions were monitored by TLC using Merck TLC Silica
gel 60 F₂₅₄ aluminum sheets. Compounds were visualized by UV irradiation or
by staining with a KMnO₄ solution in H₂O. A Biotage Initiator
microwave synthesizer was used for the reactions performed in a microwave reactor. For
the flash chromatography, Davisil silica gel (40–63 μm) was used. The
automatic flash chromatography was performed on an Isolera One Automatic Flash
Chromatography System by Biotage with pre-packed flash cartridges (ISCO RediSep or
Biotage ZIP Sphere). Mass spectra were measured using a Shimadzu Prominence LCMS-2020
system and a Gemini C18 Phenomenex column (50 × 3 mm, 3 μm).

Ortiz Zacarías N.V., Chahal K.K., Šimková T., van der Horst C., Zheng Y., Inoue A., Theunissen E., Mallee L., van der Es D., Louvel J., IJzerman A.P., Handel T.M., Kufareva I, & Heitman L.H. (2021). Design and Characterization of an Intracellular Covalent Ligand for CC Chemokine Receptor 2. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 64(5), 2608-2621.

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Synthesis and Purification of Compounds

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All the starting materials were obtained from commercial suppliers and used without further purification. Thermo Finnigan LCQ Deca with Thermo Surveyor LCMS System at variable wavelengths of 254 nm and 214 nm was used to monitor the reaction and test the purity of the compounds. The purity of all the final compounds is >95%. The water-methanol gradient buffered with 0.1% formic acid was used as the mobile phase for the HPLC system. NMR spectra was completed on a Varian 400 MHz instrument. The ¹H NMR spectra and ¹³C spectra were recorded at 400 MHz and 101 MHz, respectively. All final compounds were purified using Silica gel (0.035–0.070 mm, 60 Å) flash chromatography, unless otherwise noted. Microwave assisted reactions were completed in sealed vessels using a Biotage Initiator microwave synthesizer (Biotage, Uppsala, Sweden).

Zhang L., Lakkaniga N.R., Bharate J.B., Mcconnell N., Wang X., Kharbanda A., Leung Y.K., Frett B., Shah N.P, & Li H.Y. (2021). Discovery of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-thiophene derivatives as FLT3 and FLT3 mutants inhibitors for acute myeloid leukemia through structure-based optimization of an NEK2 inhibitor. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 225, 113776.

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NMR and Mass Spectrometry Analysis Protocol

Cited 1 time

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NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker AMX-400 spectrometer at 400 MHz (¹H) and 100 MHz (¹³C). Experiments were recorded in CDCl₃ and DMSO-d₆ at 25 °C. Chemical shifts are given in parts per million (ppm) downfield from internal standard Me₄Si. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) (electrospray ionization (ESI)) were recorded on a high-resolution (140 000) Q Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The microwave reactions were conducted using Biotage® Initiator+ microwave synthesizer and domestic microwave. Unless otherwise stated, all reagents and solvents were purchased from commercial suppliers and used without further purification. Reactions that required the use of anhydrous, inert atmosphere techniques were carried out under an atmosphere of argon/nitrogen. Chromatography was executed on CombiFlash instrument, using silica gel (230–400 mesh) as the stationary phase and mixtures of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and hexane or dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol as eluents. Substrate 1a was obtained from commercial sources and 1b was synthesized from 1avia standard methylation reaction. Substrate 1c was synthesized from methyl 2-bromobenzoate via a copper-mediated substitution reaction with diphenylamine.^{25 (link)} Substrates 1d–1z, and 1aa were synthesized using Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling methods.^{12,26 (link)}

Kancharla P., Dodean R.A., Li Y, & Kelly J.X. (2019). Boron trifluoride etherate promoted microwave-assisted synthesis of antimalarial acridones. RSC Advances, 9(72), 42284-42293.

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Synthesis of Substituted Benzoate Derivatives

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NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker AMX-400 spectrometer at 400 MHz (¹H) and 100 MHz (¹³C). Experiments were recorded in CDCl₃ and DMSO-d₆ at 25 °C. Chemical shifts are given in parts per million (ppm) downfield from internal standard Me₄Si. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) (electrospray ionization (ESI)) were recorded on a high-resolution (140,000) Q Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer. The microwave reactions were conducted using Biotage® Initiator+ microwave synthesizer and domestic microwave. Unless otherwise stated, all reagents and solvents were purchased from commercial suppliers and used without further purification. Reactions that required the use of anhydrous, inert atmosphere techniques were carried out under an atmosphere of argon/nitrogen. Chromatography was executed on CombiFlash instrument, using silica gel (230−400 mesh) as the stationary phase and mixtures of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and hexane or dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol as eluents. Substrate 1a was obtained from commercial sources and 1b was synthesized from 1a via standard methylation reaction. Substrate 1c was synthesized from methyl 2-bromobenzoate via a copper-mediated substitution reaction with diphenylamine.^{25 (link)} Substrates 1d–1z, and 1aa were synthesized using Buchwald−Hartwig cross-coupling methods.^{12 ,26}

Kancharla P., Dodean R.A., Li Y, & Kelly J.X. (2019). Boron trifluoride etherate promoted microwave-assisted synthesis of antimalarial acridones. RSC Advances, 9(72), 42284-42293.

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Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis of AgNPs

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All the syntheses were conducted using the Biotage Initiator+ Microwave Synthesizer (Uppsala, Sweden). The synthesis process was conducted in single-use 10 mL reaction vessels and septa from Biotage, Uppsala, Sweden, which are intended for high-temperature/pressure reactions in the microwave. Typically, 1.87 mL of silver nitrate solution (10 mM), 1.5 mL of HC extract, and 11.63 mL of DI water were added to the reaction tube for the synthesis of microwave-assisted AgNPs using the HC extract (MW HCE-AgNPs). The vessel containing the reagent was subjected to different reaction periods, including 2, 5, 10, and 20 min at 100 °C with a maximum pressure of 15 psi in the Microwave Synthesizer. The HCE-stabilized AgNPs were denoted as MW2 HCE-AgNPs, MW5 HCE-AgNPs, MW10 HCE-AgNPs, and MW20 HCE-AgNPs, respectively. Reflux-method-mediated HCE-AgNPs were used as a control experiment, following the previously reported method [24 (link)]. After the completion of the reaction, the colloidal solutions were separated by centrifugation at 10,000× g for 20 min. After centrifugation, the obtained HCE-AgNPs were washed two times using DI and stored at room temperature for further characterization and analysis.

Moorthy K., Chang K.C., Huang H.C., Wu W.J, & Chiang C.K. (2023). Evaluating Antioxidant Performance, Biosafety, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Houttuynia cordata Extract and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Biogenic Silver Nano-Antibiotics. Antioxidants, 13(1), 32.

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High-Throughput Compound Characterization

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All solvents were reagent grade or HPLC grade and all starting materials were obtained from commercial sources and used without further purification. Purity of final compounds was assessed using a Shimadzu ultra-high throughput LC/MS system (SIL-20A, LC-20AD, LC-MS 2020, Phenomenex® Onyx Monolithic C-18 Column) at variable wavelengths of 254 nM and 214 nM (Shimadzu PDA Detector, SPD-MN20A) and was >95%, unless otherwise noted. The HPLC mobile phase consisted of a water–acetonitrile gradient buffered with 0.1% formic acid. ¹H NMR spectra were recorded at 400 MHz and ¹³C spectra were recorded at 100 MHz, both completed on a Varian 400 MHz instrument (Model# 4001S41ASP). Compound activity was determined with the EZ Reader II plate reader (PerkinElmer®, Walthman, USA) with an ATP concentration of ~200 μM. Computational modeling was completed with Auto-Dock Vina,^{22 (link)} AutoDock Tools, and Drug Discovery Studio 3.5. All compounds were purified using silica-gel (0.035–0.070 mm, 60 Å) flash chromatography, unless otherwise noted. Microwave assisted reactions were completed in sealed vessels using a Biotage Initiator microwave synthesizer.

Frett B., McConnell N., Wang Y., Xu Z., Ambrose A, & Li H.Y. (2014). Identification of pyrazine-based TrkA inhibitors: design, synthesis, evaluation, and computational modeling studies. MedChemComm, 5(10), 1507-1514.

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Synthetic Procedures and Analytical Characterization

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All chemicals and solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich or Fisher Scientific and used without further purification. Microwave reactions were run in Biotage Initiator microwave synthesizer. Synthetic intermediates were purified by CombiFlash flash chromatography on 230–400 mesh silica gel. ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded on Bruker DPX-400 or AVANCE-400 spectrometer at 400 and 100 MHz, respectively. NMR chemical shifts were reported in δ (ppm) using residual solvent peaks as standard (CDCl₃, 7.26 ppm (¹H), 77.23 ppm (¹³C); CD₃OD, 3.31 ppm (¹H), 49.15 ppm (¹³C); DMSO-d₆, 2.50 ppm (¹H), 39.52 ppm (¹³C)). Mass spectra were measured in the ESI mode at an ionization potential of 70 eV with an LC-MS MSD (Hewlett-Packard). Purity of all final compounds (greater than 95%) was determined by analytical HPLC (ACE 3AQ C₁₈ column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, particle size 3 µM), 0.05% TFA in H₂O/0.05% TFA in MeOH gradient eluting system). Optical rotation values were recorded on Autopol IV automatic polarimeter.

Cheng J., Giguère P.M., Onajole O.K., Lv W., Gaisin A., Gunosewoyo H., Schmerberg C.M., Pogorelov V.M., Rodriguiz R.M., Vistoli G., Wetsel W.C., Roth B.L, & Kozikowski A.P. (2015). Optimization of 2-Phenylcyclopropylmethylamines as Selective Serotonin 2C Receptor Agonists and Their Evaluation as Potential Antipsychotic Agents. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 58(4), 1992-2002.

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