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Fluorinert fc 40 oil

Manufactured by 3M
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States

Fluorinert FC-40 is a perfluorinated fluid produced by 3M. It is a clear, colorless, and odorless liquid with a high dielectric strength and chemical inertness. Fluorinert FC-40 is commonly used as a heat transfer medium and electrical insulation in various industrial and laboratory applications.

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3 protocols using fluorinert fc 40 oil

1

Soil Nitrate Quantification via Modified Griess Assay

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Hydrochloric acid (37%), sulfanilamide (≥99.0%), N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDD, >98%),
glucose (≥99.0%), and sodium nitrate (≥99.0%) were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich, UK. Vanadium(III) chloride (≥99.0%) was
obtained from Alfa Aesar, UK. Ultrapure water was obtained from a
Milli-Q Direct Water Purification System, with a resistance of 18.2
MΩ (Millipore, Merck). Fluorinert FC40 oil was obtained from
3M, UK. The assay used here is a modified Griess reagent method, whereby
nitrate is first reduced by vanadium(III) to nitrite, which then reacts
with a mixture of sulfanilamide and N-naphthyl-ethylenediamine
(NEDD) to produce a purple/pink-colored diazonium product,23 (link) giving a summation of nitrate and nitrite. For
the forest soil sample, the assay mainly quantifies nitrate since
nitrite does not usually accumulate in soil.24 (link) Preparation of standard solutions and Griess reagent is described
in the Supporting Information (Text S1 and S2). All soil used in the lab-based
tests was collected from Writtle forest, Chelmsford, UK (51°41′37.9″N,
0°22′20.4″E). The soil detailed information, preparation
of nitrate-free soil, standard dried soil, spiked soil columns, and
soil characterization (i.e., maximum water holding capacity (WHC%)
and conventional analysis) are also stated in Text S3–S5.
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2

Visualizing Acoustic Streaming Flow

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For flow imaging, 30-μm-diameter silver particles (PMPMP-AG-1.9, Cospheric LLC, USA) are suspended in 3M Fluorinert FC-40 oil, and each single-unit actuation voltage is maintained at 8 Vpp. The resulting path lines are recorded by an Olympus upright microscope at 25 frames/s (fps). At steady-state conditions, the streamlines generated by acoustic streaming are identical to the calculated values. For flow field results, time-elapsed stacks of images from different parts are combined to generate the final composite image. We analyzed the speed of particles using a C++ program (Microsoft Corp., USA) and calculated the radial velocity speed profile using a MATLAB program. The method for the flow field and radial velocity profile measurements is detailed in note S6 and fig. S6.
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3

Electrophoretic Manipulation in Microfluidics

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Experiments started with a clean microchannel that was filled with Fluorinert FC-40 oil (3M), supplied with a 0.5% of 008-FluoroSurfactant (Ran Biotechnologies). This oil-surfactant combination served as the continuous phase of the discretized samples. High-precision syringe pumps (neMESYS, Cetoni) were used to deliver both the sample and continuous phase through the channel inlets. A 3 M potassium chloride solution was injected in the electrode channels to serve as liquid electrodes.42 (link)
Platinum wire electrodes were then placed at the electrode channel reservoirs and a DC electric potential was applied using a source meter (2612A, Keithley). The electrical current flowing through the microfluidic device was monitored and recorded by the source meter. An EMCCD camera (iXon DV887, Andor) was used to capture fluorescent microscopy images and videos.
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