Signa hdx 3.0t scanner

The pCASL acquisition parameters and preprocessing steps were identical for both datasets, both acquired using the same General Electric Signa HDX 3.0 T scanner at the Center for Neuroimaging Sciences, King’s College London. These two pCASL datasets were previously reported by our group in the context of separate research questions (PROD [6 (link)]; NEUTOP [7 ]). Preprocessing steps are described in detail in those previous publications as well as in the Supplementary Methods. The resulting smoothed, normalized individual CBF maps were used for analysis.

MRI acquisitions were performed using a GE Signa HDx 3.0T scanner (GE Healthcare, USA) equipped with a 16-channel phased-array cardiac coil. The patients were placed in a supine position during the acquisition. The CMRI scan protocol included cine imaging and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging. Stacks of steady-state free precession (SSFP) end-expiratory breath hold cine images were acquired for the two-chamber and four-chamber views of the long-axis and 9–11 short-axis slices that covered the entire left ventricle from the mitral annulus to the apical epicardium. The typical cine imaging parameters were as follows: repetition time (TR)/echo time (TE), 10 ms/1.4 ms; flip angle (FA), 45°; matrix, 256 × 224; field of view (FOV), 350–400 mm; and slice thickness, 8 mm. Ten to fifteen minutes after an intravenous bolus administration of 0.2 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA (Magnevist, Bayer, Berlin, Germany), myocardial LGE images were acquired with a 2D phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) gradient-echo pulse sequence. The long-axis and short-axis view images were acquired at the same positions as acquired for the cine images. The parameters of the LGE imaging 2D PSIR gradient-echo pulse sequencing were as follows: TR/TE/FA, 2 R–R intervals/3.1 ms/15°; matrix, 256 × 224; FOV, 350–400 mm; and slice thickness, 8 mm.

MRI data were acquired using a GE signa HDX 3.0 T scanner (General Electric, Milwaukee, USA) with a standard 8-channel head coil at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. Functional images were collected with a gradient-echo planar imaging (EPI-GRE) sequence. The parameters were as follows: TR = 2000 ms, TE = 30 ms, flip angle = 90°, field of view = 240 × 240 mm², matrix = 64 × 64. Thirty-five axial slices were collected with 3 mm thickness without gap. The scan lasted for 6 min and 40 s, resulting in 200 volumes. Participants were instructed to rest and relax with their eyes closed but remain awake during scanning.

MRI scans of all participants were carried out after recruitment using a GE (General Electric, Milwaukee, United States) Signa HDX 3.0T scanner with a standard 8-channel head coil. In the scanning process, the head of participant was fixed with a foam pad and the participants were kept in a state of rest: lying on their back, eyes closed (as much as possible to keep the eyeballs fixed) and trying not to think. Resting state fMRI scanning with a T2-gradient echo planar imaging (EPI-GRE) sequence: repetition time (TR) = 2000 ms, echo time (TE) = 30 ms, flip angle = 90°, field of view (FOV) = 240 mm² × 240 mm², matrix = 64 × 64, voxel size = 3.0 mm³, 35 contiguous slices of 3 mm without gaps, scanning time 6 min 40 s with 200 volumetric images per participant. For the image calibration and participant screening, high-resolution images were scanned with a three-dimensional fast spoiled gradient-echo (FSPGR) sequence. The parameters were as followed: TR/TE = 7.1/3.2 ms, FOV = 240 mm² × 240 mm², matrix = 240 × 240, voxel size = 1.0 mm³, 176 contiguous slices of 1 mm without gaps, scanning time 8 min 22 s.

All the MRI scans were conducted at baseline using a GE Signa HDX 3.0 T scanner with an 8-channel head coil at the Department of Radiology of the First Hospital of China Medical University. During the scan, patients were instructed to close their eyes, stay awake, and try not to think. Earplugs and foam pads were utilized to reduce noise and head motion. The echo-planar imaging sequence was performed to get the resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data with the following parameters: repetition time (TR) = 2000 ms, echo time (TE) = 40 ms, field of view (FOV) = 240 mm × 240 mm, image matrix size = 64 × 64, voxel size = 3.75 × 3.75 × 3 mm³, flip angle = 90°, 35 slices with slice thickness = 3 mm, spacing between slices = 3 mm, and scan time = 400 s.