Avance 400 mhz

The fluorescence spectra were obtained on a PerkinElmer LS-55 luminescence spectrometer. Mass spectra were recorded on a Thermo Proteome X-LTQ MS. ¹H-NMR spectrum was acquired on a Brucker Avance 400 MHz, using CDCl₃ as solvent and tetramethylsilane (TMS) as internal standard. Fluorescence photos were taken under a UV lamp, with a Canon 350D digital camera.

Streptozotocin (STZ), acarbose, metformin (MF), p-nitophenylglucopyranoside, α- glucosidase (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), porcine pancreatic α-amylase were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St’ Louis, MO, USA. Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was purchased from Loba chemie, Mombai, India. External standards for HPLC analysis were either isolated from the plant or supplied by National Organization of Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Egypt. All solvents were of analytical grade and purchased from Adwic company, Egypt. Acetonitrile and trifluoracetic acid were of HPLC grade and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). Stationary phases for chromatographic separations were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). NMR spectra were acquired using Brucker, Avance, 400 MHz. (MA, USA). MS data were recorded on Shimadzu LCMS-IT-TOF spectrometer (Kyoto, Japan).