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4 protocols using ubp 310

1

Neuronal Cell Culture Reagents

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The reagents that were used in the experiments are listed below. (1) Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA: Poly(ethyleneimine) solution (Cat. no. P3143), penicillin–streptomycin (Cat. no. P4333), L-Glutamine (Cat. No G85402). (2) Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA: B-27 supplement (Cat. no. 17504044), Trypsin 2.5% (Cat. no. 15090046). (3) Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, USA: Fura-2 AM (Cat. no. F1221). (4) Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK: UBP 310 (Cat. no. 3621), 5-Nonyloxytryptamine oxalate (Cat. No. 0901), WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (Cat. no. 1038) (5) Alomone Labs, Jerusalem, Israel: D-AP5 (Cat. no. D-145), NBQX (Cat. no. N-185). (6) Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI, USA: Bicuculline (Cat. no. 11727), HEMADO (Cat. No. 21015); (7) AppliChem, Darmstadt, Germany: EDTA (Cat. no. A5097), EGTA (Cat. no. A-0878). (8) Dia-M, Moscow, Russian Federation: HEPES (Cat. no. 3350). (9) Abcam, Cambridge, UK: N6-Cyclohexyladenosine (Cat. no. ab120472). (10) Paneco, Moscow, Russian Federation: Neurobasal-A medium.
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2

Pharmacological Dissection of Retinal Circuits

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The following chemicals, all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), were added either alone or in combination to the Ames medium and applied to the entire retina via the superfusion: the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine (1 µM, S8753, Sigma), the GABAA receptor antagonist SR-95531 (GABAzine; 5 µM, S106, Sigma), the GABAC receptor antagonist (1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl) methylphosphinic acid (TPMPA; 50 µM, T200, Sigma), the NMDA receptor antagonist, D-(−)2-amino-5-phosphonopetanoic acid (D-AP5; 50 µM, #0106, Tocris Bioscience, Minneapolis, MN), the AMPA receptor antagonist 2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-l,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide disodium salt (NBQX; 10 µM #1044, Tocris Bioscience) and the GLUK5 kainate receptor antagonist (S)-l-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)-3-(2-carboxy-thiophene-3-yl-methyl)-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-dione (UBP 310, 10 µm #3621, Tocris Bioscience). Chemicals were maintained in separate oxygenated flasks and were delivered to the retinal superfusion chamber with a 6 channel valve controller (Warner Instruments, Hamden, CT, VC6) via a single manifold; due to the relatively large size of the incubation chamber needed to hold the primate retina wash-in and wash-out of the antagonist solution required ~2 min of superfusion.
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3

Selective Bipolar Cell Signaling

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We blocked ON-bipolar cell signaling via application of the mGluR6 agonist L-AP4 (20 µM; Tocris, part 0103). We blocked photoreceptor to OFF-bipolar cell signaling via application of the kainate receptor antagonist, UBP 310 (50 µM; Tocris, part 3621).
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4

Intracerebral Drug Delivery in Rodent Models

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Animals were anesthetized with a mixture of 8.7 mg/ml ketamine (Provet) and 2 mg/ml xylazil (Provet) and placed in a stereotaxic apparatus (Kopf Instruments). Osmotic micropumps (Model 1007D; Alzet) were filled with 0.8834 μg/μl (5.3 μg total daily dose) of UBP310 (Tocris) or vehicle control (10% DMSO) and implanted subcutaneously along the back of the neck. An infusion cannula (PlasticsOne) connected to the micropump was placed in the right lateral ventricle at AP -0.2, ML +1.0, DV -2.8 relative to bregma for all MPTP and drug measurement studies. For all 6-OHDA studies the infusion cannula was placed in the left lateral ventricle at AP -0.2, ML -1.0, DV -2.8 to ensure cannula did not impede subsequent lesioning and the pump was removed 1 week later and the cannula tubing sealed with heat. All stereotaxic coordinates were based on the Paxinos atlas for the mouse brain (Paxinos et al. 2001) .
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