Myeloperoxidase mpo

CTS (purity ≥ 98%) were obtained from the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China). LPS was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Compound C were purchased from Selleck (Shanghai, China). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) was purchased from Gibco (NY, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was abtained from HyClone (Logan, USA). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lactic acid assay kits were from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). The antibodies against CD86 (A1199) and Arg-1 (A4923) were obtained from ABclonal (Wuhan, China). The antibodies against CD206 (ab64693) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). The antibody against iNOS (AF0199) was from Affinity Biosciences (OH, United States). The antibodies against β-actin (6600-1-Ig), GLUT1 66290-1-Ig) and PFKFB3 (3763-1-AP) were purchased from Proteintech (Chicago, USA). The antibodies against PKM2 (D78A4), HIF-1α (D1S7W), p-AMPK (40H9) and AMPK (2532) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, USA). The antibodies for flow cytometry, including phycoerythrin (PE) anti- CD86 (105007) and allophycocyanin (APC) anti-CD206 (141708) were obtained from BioLegend (San Diego, USA).

Fetal bovine serum, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and high-glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) were purchased from Gibco Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA, USA). The alanine transaminase (ALT), catalase (CAT), aspartate transaminase (AST), reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay kit were obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Institute of Biotechnology (Nanjing, China). The Cell Counting Kit-8 kit, 2,7-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), TUNEL apoptosis assay kit, and BeyoECL Plus were bought from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). OI was purchased from MedChemExpress (USA). LPS and D-GalN were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for detecting mouse TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1) were obtained from Dakewe Bioengineering (Shenzhen, China). The antibodies against Bax, Bcl-2, Nrf2, NF-κB p65, cleaved poly-ADp ribose polymerase (PARP), phosphor-NF-κB p65, and IκB-α were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Antiglyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) antibodies were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). All other chemicals and solvents used were of the highest analytical grade.

Isoliquiritigenin was purchased from Sigma (Signma-Aldrich, United States). Cigarettes were purchased from Tobacco Group Company Limited. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay kits were purchased from Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). TNF-α and IL-1β ELISA kits were purchased from eBioscience (San Diego, CA, United States). Antibodies against NF-κB p65, p-NF-κB p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, Nrf2, and β-actin were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology Inc., (Beverly, MA, United States). All other chemicals were of reagent grade.

All standards were at least 95% pure, as confirmed by HPLC. HPLC-grade acetonitrile and methanol were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Cisplatin (purity ≥ 99%), was supplied from Sigma Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) commercial assay kits were obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute (Nanjing, China). The primary rabbit monoclonal antibodies including caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, cleaved caspase-8, caspase-9, cleaved caspase-9, Bax, Bcl-2, β-actin, and secondary rabbit antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA) or DBOSTER Bio-Engineer Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China). TUNEL apoptosis detection kits were provided with Roche Applied Science (No. 11684817910). Hoechst 33258 dye kits were obtained from Shanghai Beyotime Co, Ltd. (Shanghai, China). DyLight 488-labeled and SABC-Cy3 secondary antibodies were provided by BOSTER Bio-Engineer Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, China). TNF-α, IL-1β, CK, CK-MB, and cTnT commercial ELISA kits were all provided by R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Indomethacin was purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Omeprazole was manufactured by Hunan Dino Pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd. (Hunan, China). The Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-17A were purchased from Capital Bio Corporation (Beijing, China). The glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) kits were manufactured by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China).