Dimethyl sulphoxide dmso

All chemicals were of analytical reagent grade and used without any further purification. Titanium mesh (pore size: 100 μm, and thickness: 50 μm) was obtained from Hebei Anheng company (China). Polyvinyli-dene fluoride (PVDF) materials were provided by Shanghai 3F (China). Polyethyleneglycole (PEG 600) and Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sinopharm (China). Sulfanilic acid (SA) (CAS number: 121-57-3) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Deionized water was used throughout the experiment. Solution pH was adjusted to 7 using 1 M H₂SO₄ or 1 M NaOH when necessary. 1 mM piperazine- N,N′-bis (ethanesulfonic acid) (PIPES) buffer was added to maintain a near-constant solution pH (pH = 7).

Commercial grade polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) materials were purchased from Shanghai 3F New Material (China). Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was used as the solvent, and polyethyleneglycole (PEG 600) as the pore-forming additive, which were both purchased from Sinopharm (Shanghai, China). Deionized (DI) water was used throughout the experiment. Membrane casting solution was prepared according to the procedures as documented by Wang et al.47 . The homogeneous casting solution was coated on stainless steel mesh (pore size 96 μm, thickness 43 μm) assembled on polyester non-woven fabric. The composite membrane was formed after immersion precipitation in non-solvent bath.

Pterostilbene (PTE, purity ≥ 99.0%, Figure 1A) was purchased from Dibai Biotechnology Co. (Shanghai, China), resveratrol (RE, purity ≥ 99.0%, Figure 1B), camptothecin (CPT, purity ≥ 97.0%) and irinotecan (CPT-11, purity ≥ 99.0%) were purchased from Macklin Biochemical Co. (Shanghai, China), Furamidine dihydrochloride (FM, purity ≥ 98.0%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Acetonitrile and methyl alcohol were HPLC-grade from Merck (Kenilworth, NJ, USA). Isopropanol, ethanol and dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) were from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., LTD (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water obtained from a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).