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6 protocols using rat anti flag

1

Multivariate Immunostaining Protocol

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The following primary antibodies were used: rabbit anti-cFos (diluted 1:2000; Cell Signaling Technologies, Cat# 2250, MA, USA), rat anti-FLAG (diluted 1:500; BioLegend, Cat# 637303, CA, USA), chicken anti-GFAP (diluted 1:1000; Millipore, Cat# AB5541), chicken anti-GFP (diluted 1:1000; Invitrogen, Cat# A10262).
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2

Immunofluorescence and Western Blot Antibody Validation

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Primary antibodies used include: mouse anti-Ty (mAb BB2 [42 (link)]), rabbit HA (71–5500, ThermoFisher Scientific), mouse anti-HA (anti-HA.11, clone 16B12, Biolegend), rat anti-HA (Roche), rat anti-Flag (Biolegend), mouse mAb 45–15 anti-IMC1 (obtained from Gary Ward) [43 (link)], rabbit anti-GAP45 (obtained from Dominique Soldati-Favre) [5 (link)], mouse anti-c-myc (mAb 9E10, Life Technologies), rabbit anti-aldolase [44 (link)], rabbit anti-ROP5 [45 ], mouse mAb 6D10 anti-MIC2 [46 (link)], rabbit anti-GRA7 [47 ], rabbit anti-RON4 (obtained from John Boothroyd) [48 ] mouse mAb DG52 anti-SAG1 [49 (link)], mouse anti-ROP1 (mAb Tg49) [50 (link)], rabbit anti-MLC1 [51 (link)]. Indoleacetic acid (IAA, auxin), D-biotin and calcium ionophore A23187 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Secondary antibodies used for immunofluorescence staining consisted of goat anti-mouse IgG or goat anti-rabbit IgG or goat anti-rat IgG conjugated to Alexa Fluor-488, Alexa Fluor-594 or Alexa Fluor-350 (Life Technologies). For Western blotting, secondary antibodies consisted of goat anti-mouse IgG or goat anti-rabbit IgG or goat anti-rat IgG conjugated to LiCor C800 or C680 IR-dyes and detected with an Odyssey Infrared Imaging System (LI-COR Biotechnology).
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3

Immunofluorescence Antibody Staining Protocol

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IAA, MG-132, bovine serum albumin (BSA), A23187, and all other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich unless indicated otherwise. Rat anti-FLAG (BioLegend), mouse anti-hemagglutinin (HA) (BioLegend), and rabbit anti-HA (Thermo Fisher Scientific) antibodies were purchased commercially. Mouse anti-Ty (43 (link)), rabbit anti-aldolase (44 (link)), mouse anti-MIC2 (45 (link)), and rabbit anti-GRA7 (46 (link)) antibodies were raised in house. Rabbit anti-GAP45 antibody (47 (link)) was provided by Dominique Soldati-Favre (University of Geneva), and rabbit anti-SAG1 antibody (48 (link)) was provided by John Boothroyd (Stanford University). Goat secondary antibodies conjugated to infrared (IR) and Alexa Fluor dyes were purchased from LiCor and Thermo Fisher Scientific, respectively.
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4

Tissue Preparation and Immunohistochemistry

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After euthanasia, mice were subjected to transcardial perfusion with PBS + heparin (Sigma-Aldrich) and 4% paraformaldehyde. Tissue samples were collected and fixed in 4% PFA in 1× PBS overnight and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for analysis. For immunohistochemistry, antibody detection was performed using the Elite ABC kit and DAB substrate according to the manufacturer's instructions (Vector Laboratories) and counterstained with hematoxylin (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Primary antibodies used were rat anti-FLAG (Biolegend 637319), anti-CD31 (Dianova DIA-310), anti-endomucin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology sc-65495), rabbit anti-S100a6 (Novus Biologicals NBP1-89388), anti-ERG (Abcam ab133264), anti-CD34 (Abcam ab81289), anti-Ki67 (Leica Biosystems NCLKi67p), anti-cytokeratin, wide spectrum screening (Agilent Z0622), anti-CRYAB (Invitrogen PA1-16950), and mouse anti-PDGFA (Santa Cruz Biotechnology sc-9974). Alexa488-, Alexa568-, and Alexa647-conjugated secondary antibodies (Molecular Probes) were used for immunofluorescence.
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Hippo-YAP Pathway

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Jejunal tissues and cultured cells were lysed, and the extracted proteins were analyzed. The primary antibodies used for Western blot were rabbit anti-Mst1 (1:1000; Cell Signaling), anti-p-Mst (1:1000; Cell Signaling), anti-Lats1 (1:1000; Cell Signaling), anti-p-Lats (Yu et al. 2010 (link)), anti-YAP (1:1000 [Cell Signaling, #4912], 1:1000 [Santa Cruz Biotechnology, H-9 and 63.7], and 1:1000 [Novus, NB110-58358]), anti-p-YAP (S127; 1:1000; Cell Signaling), anti-p-YAP (S381; 1:1000; Cell Signaling) (Kim et al. 2013 (link)), anti-β-catenin (1:2500; Sigma), anti-YAP/TAZ (1:1000; Cell Signaling), anti-Axin2 (1:1000; Cell Signaling), mouse anti-APC (1:200; Calbiochem, Ab-1), anti-Flag (1:5000; Sigma, M2), anti-HA (1:5000; Sigma), anti-Myc (1:2000; Calbiochem), anti-Actin (1:5000; Millipore), and rat anti-Flag (1:2000; BioLegend, L5). Signals were quantified by ImageJ.
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6

Immunofluorescence Staining of Xenograft Tumor Sections

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Primary MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors from SCID and nude mice, expressing tdTomato + SORE6>GFP or tdTomato + minCMV>GFP, were excised, FFPE, and 5 µm sections were cut using a cryostat. For IF staining for the FLAG tag on the dsCopGFP, sections were deparaffinized, followed by antigen retrieval in 1 mM EDTA pH 8 for 20 min in a conventional steamer and 20 min incubation at room temperature. Tissues were washed 3 × 5 min and incubated in blocking buffer (1% BSA + 5% goat serum) for 1.5–2 h at the room temperature, followed by rat anti-FLAG at 1 : 1000 (BioLegend, cat# 637301) incubation overnight at 4 °C and secondary antibody goat anti-rat Alexa 647 for 1 h at room temperature. The FLAG channel in the minCMV>GFP tissue was used to set the background in SORE6>GFP tissue, to identify single stem cells. For in vivo characterization of FLAG antibody (Supplementary Fig. S2b), SORE6>GFP sensor expressing MDA-MB-231 primary tumor FFPE sections were treated with 1× citrate pH 6.0 buffer (PerkinElmer, cat# AR6001) and stained with chicken anti-GFP antibody at 1 : 100 (Novus, cat# NB100-1614) and rat anti-FLAG antibody at 1 : 200 dilutions.
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