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101 protocols using c57bl 6

1

Genetically-engineered Mouse Models

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Wild-type mice had a C57BL/6 background or a mixed FVB/C57BL/6 background (Janvier Labs, Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France). Outbred Balb/c (Rj:ATHYM-Foxn1nu/nu) and Swiss (Crl:NU(Ico)-Foxn1nu) nude mice were obtained from Janvier Labs and Charles River Laboratories France (Ecully, France), respectively. KIC (LSL-KrasG12D/+; Cdkn2alox/lox; Pdx1-Cre) and KPC (LSL-KrasG12D/+; LSL-Trp53R172H/+; Pdx1-Cre) mutant mice were obtained by intercrossing LSL-KrasG12D/+55 (link), Pdx1-Cre56 (link), and Cdkn2alox/lox21 (link) or LSL-Trp53R172H/+24 (link) mice. Animals were housed under controlled conditions (12 h light/dark cycle; humidity 45–65%; room temperature 23  ±  2 °C) and provided ad libitum access to water and food.
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2

Murine IFNAR Knockout Model Study

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Six- to eight-week-old male and female IFNAR−/− (C57BL/6 mice homozygous for an IFNAR1 knock-out mutation, B6.129S2-Ifnar1tm1Agt) [36 (link)] (bred in-house), WT BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice (purchased from Janvier Labs, France) were used throughout this study. All experiments using mice strictly followed Belgian guidelines for animal experimentation and guidelines of the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations (FELASA). The Ethical Committee of the Animal Research Center of KU Leuven approved all experiments (project number P100/2019).
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WIF1 KO and Overexpression Cardiac Study

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WIF1 KO mice were provided by Dr. Igor B. Dawid (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). WIF1 KO were generated by inserting a tau‐LacZ reporter cassette into the WIF1 coding sequence (Kansara et al, 2009). Animals were backcrossed for at least 6 generations and maintained on C57BL/6 background (Janvier, Saint‐Berthevin, France). The procedure used male KO animals and their WT littermates, age 10–12 weeks. Cardiac‐specific WIF1 overexpression in 6‐week‐old male C57BL/6 (Janvier, Saint‐Berthevin, France) was reached by i.v. injection of 1012 AAV particles (for details on AAV production, see below). WIF1‐overexpression was established for 4 weeks. Animals were housed under standard laboratory conditions with a 12‐h light–dark cycle and access to water and food ad libitum. All experimental protocols were approved by the institutional review board of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, and the responsible government authority of Baden‐Württemberg, Germany (project number 35‐9185.81/G‐27/14). A total of 145 animals were used for all experiments.
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Characterization of IL-33 Knockout Mice

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Eight- to ten-week-old wild-type (WT) C57Bl/6 (Janvier, Le Genest-sur-isle, France) and littermate IL-33 knockout (KO) C57Bl/6 mice (matched for age and sex) were provided by Dr. Jean-Philippe Girard [21 (link)]. The mice used in the study were certified as MHV3-free by the manufacturer, and they were housed under HEPA-filtered air (Forma Scientific, Marietta, OH) in the local BSL3 animal facility. The study was conducted in compliance with the French laws and the institution's guidelines for animal welfare, and the protocol was approved by the Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments of the French government (agreement of M. Samson number 3596). All efforts were made to minimize suffering and pain of the animals.
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5

Autophagy in Dendritic Cell Development

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Mice strains used in this study are: CD45.1(Charles River, France), C57BL/6 (Janvier), Atg5 flox/flox (Hara et al., 2006) (Pr Mizushima, Tokyo, Japan), CD11c-Cre Tg (Jackson Laboratory), Atg14 flox/flox (Pr Akira, Osaka Japan), OT-II (Charles River Laboratory), Foxp3 RFP RORgt GFP (Mathias Lochner, Hannover Medical School). Atg5 À/À DC mice (Atg5 flox/flox _ CD11-Cre +/À ) and Atg5 +/+ DC (Atg5 flox/flox _ CD11-Cre À/À ) mice were obtained by crossing Atg5 flox/flox mice to CD11-Cre +/À mice. Animals were crossed, bred and housed under specific-pathogen-free conditions in the animal facility of the faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland. Male and female mice ranging from 8-14 weeks of age were used in experiments. Animals were aged and sex matched and assigned to experimental groups, using littermate controls. All animal protocols were approved by the cantonal veterinary office of the canton of Geneva, Switzerland (authorization number GE/103/18 and GE/38/14 and FRM1005-Medicine CMU).
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Generation and Characterization of Genetically Modified Mice

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WT mice (C57BL/6) were purchased from Janvier Lab (Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France). AAT-KO mice lacking all of the 5 serpin A1 a-e paralogues expressed in mice were generated as described recently (25 (link)). NE-KO mice were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, Maine, USA) (47 (link)). Age- and sex-matched mice were used for experiments at 8 to 14 weeks of age.
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Gonadectomized Mouse Model for AR Study

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All procedures were performed according to the European Communities Council Directive (86/806/EEC) for the care and use of laboratory animals and were approved by the Regional Ethics Committee CEEA26, Ministère de l’Education Nationale, de l’Enseignement et de la Recherche. Wild-type intact or gonadectomized C57Bl/6 male and female mice were purchased at the age of 8 to 12 weeks from Janvier Labs Breeding Center (France). ARfl/fl63 (link) were maintained on a C57Bl/6 background. The mouse strain CX3CR1tm2.1(Cre/ERT2) (thereafter called CX3CR1CreER-YFP) expressing the YFP reporter under the promoter of the chemokine receptor CX3CR164 (link),65 (link) was provided by Jackson Laboratory. Animals prone to receive hormones were gonadectomized in order to exclude the confounding effects of endogenous gonadal steroid hormones and after validation that AR up-regulation was still detected in ovariectomized animals and not related to the mechanical injury induced by the injection (Supplementary Fig. 17). All animals were housed in standard conditions: ambient temperature at 20 °C, relative humidity at 45–65%, 12 h light-dark cycle with food and water ad libitum.
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8

Subcutaneous Tumor Growth Monitoring

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Animal work procedures were approved by the animal experimental committee (Instantie voor Dierenwelzijn) of the institute according to Dutch law and performed in accordance with ethical and procedural guidelines established by the NKI and Dutch legislation. The in vivo experiments were performed with B16F10-OVA, MC38 cells and D10 infected with lentivirus encoding sgRNAs. 5 × 105 B16F10-OVA or MC38 cells and 1 × 106 D10 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flanks of NSG-B2m (Jax, bred at NKI) or C57/BL6 mice (Janvier). Male mice were used at an age of 8–12 weeks. All animals are housed in disposable cages in the laboratory animal center (LAC) of the NKI, minimizing the risk of cross-infection, improving ergonomics and obviating the need for a robotics infrastructure for cage-washing. The mice were kept under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions. Tumor size was monitored three times per week with calipers by measuring tumor length (L) and width (W), and calculating volume through the use of the formula LW2/2. All experiments ended for individual mice either when the total tumor volume exceeded 500, 1000 or 1400 mm3, when the tumor showed ulceration, in case of serious clinical illness, when the tumor growth blocked the movement of the mouse, or when tumor growth assessment had been completed.
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9

5-HT7 Receptor Knockout Mouse Behavior

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C57BL/6 (Janvier) and 5-HTR7 knockout (5-HT7R−/−) mice maintained on a C57BL/6 background (56 (link)) as well as Sprague–Dawley rats (specific pathogen free status, Janvier) were used. For experiments, male animals (8 to 14 wk old) were housed in a temperature (20 to 24 °C)- and relative humidity (45 to 65%)–controlled room and acclimated to a bright cycle (12/12 h). Ligands were solubilized in 20% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 5% Tween 80 diluted in PBS solution for injection in mice. All animal protocols were carried out according to French government animal experiment regulations and approved by animal ethical committees (Comité d’Ethique pour l’Expérimentation Animale Orléans CE03 and Auvergne C2E2A) and accredited by the French Ministry of Education and Research under national authorization Nos. 1195 and 11887. Animals used in this study were treated according to the guidelines of the Committee for Research and Ethical Issue of the International Association for the Study of Pain (1983) and the European guidelines 2010/63/UE.
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10

Adoptive Transfer Experiments with Rag-/- and IL-7-/- Mice

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6 to 8 weeks old C57Bl/6 were purchased from Janvier Labs. Mice deficient for Rag gene (Rag-/-) or for Rag and IL-7 genes (Rag-/-IL-7-/-) were used as hosts for adoptive transfer experiments. Rag-/- IL-7-/- mice were kindly provided by Dr. Benedict Seddon. IL-7Rα-/- mice were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory. IL-7-/- and IL-7 transgenic (IL-7 Tg) mice were kindly provided by Dr. Sophie Ezine. Foxp3/GFP mice were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory. All mice were kept under specific pathogen free conditions and all experiments were performed according to institutional guidelines of the European Community.
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