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33 protocols using malinol

1

Alcian Blue Staining of Lung Tissue

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Frozen lung sections were rinsed with 3% acetic acid and then stained with Alcian blue solution (pH 2.5, Muto Pure Chemicals, Tokyo, Japan) for 20 min at room temperature (approximately 25 °C). After washing with water for 1 min, tissues were incubated with 3% acetic acid for 3 min, washed with water for 1 min, and nuclei were stained with hematoxylin (Muto Pure Chemicals) for 2 min. After washing with water for 10 min, the sections were dehydrated using a graded ethanol series (70, 80 90, 95, and 100%), defatted with xylene twice, and mounted in Malinol (Muto Pure Chemicals).
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2

Induction of Sister Chromatid Exchanges

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Cells were induced or not with Dox for 48 h, and were grown for additional 48 h in the presence of 20 μM BrdU. Cells were then incubated with 0.2 μg/mL colcemid for the last hour before harvest. Cells were collected with trypsin, incubated for 20 min in 75 mM KCl and gently fixed for 30 min in methanol : acetic acid (3:1). Cells were dropped onto ethanol‐treated glass slides, air dried, and aged for 3 days. Nuclei were sensitized with 10 μg/mL Hoechst 33258 in 0.5× SSC for 30 min at room temperature. The slides were then bleached with a 352‐nm black light for 2 h, heat‐treated at 70°C for 60 min, stained with 3% Giemsa for 15 min, and mounted with glass coverslips in Malinol (Muto pure chemicals, Tokyo, Japan). To induce SCEs, 10 nM CPT‐11 was added to the culture for 24 h prior to harvest. Slides were analyzed with an Olympus BX53F microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a 100× objective.
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3

Immunohistochemical Staining of CD31 in Monkey Eyes

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For immunohistochemistry (IHC), tissue sections of monkey eyes were de-paraffined with xylene and rehydrated through an ethanol series and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Antigen retrieval was performed by microwave treatment with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)/Tris buffer, pH9. Endogenous peroxidase was blocked with 0.3% H2O2 in methanol for 30 minutes, followed by incubation with Protein Block (Dako Pathology Solutions, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA) and avidin/biotin blocking kit (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA). The sections were incubated with anti-CD31 mouse monoclonal antibody (Dako Pathology Solutions) at 4°C overnight, then incubated with biotin-conjugated rabbit anti-mouse Ig (Dako Pathology Solutions), for 30 minutes at room temperature followed by the addition of peroxidase conjugated streptavidin (Nichirei, Tokyo, Japan) for 5 minutes. Peroxidase activity was visualized by diaminobenzidine. The sections were counterstained with Mayer's Hematoxylin Solution (Muto Pure Chemicals, Tokyo, Japan), dehydrated, and then mounted with Malinol (Muto Pure Chemicals).
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4

Immunohistochemical Staining of ER and HER2

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Paraffin sections were cut and mounted on silanized slides. Slides were melted at 65°C and dipped into xylene to remove the paraffin. After rehydrating tissues, slides were further dipped into a fresh aqueous solution of 3% peroxide in methanol. Heat retrieval was performed using citrate buffer in an autoclave for 10 minutes. The sections were then exposed to primary antibodies against ERα and HER2 diluted with Dako Antibody Diluent with Background Reducing Components (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The signals were detected using Dako REAL™ EnVision™ Detection System (Agilent Technologies), and sections were subsequently counterstained with Mayer's hematoxylin and mounted (Malinol, Muto Pure Chemicals, Japan).
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5

Tissue Staining Protocol for Non-Cancerous Area Determination

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After deparaffinizing the tissue sections, the specimens were immersed in Mayer's hematoxylin (new hematoxylin solution for H&E staining Type M; Muto Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) for 10 min. The specimens were then washed under running water to stabilize the color of the nuclei. Furthermore, the specimens were immersed in eosin (new eosin solution Type M; Muto Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd.) for 3 min. After dehydration and permeation, the specimens were sealed using hydrophobic mounting medium (Malinol; Muto Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd.). These slides were used for non-cancerous area determination.
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6

Porcine Pancreatic Elastase and Methacholine Chloride Protocol

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Porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and methacholine chloride (methacholine) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). Novo-Heparin for injection was from Mochida Pharmaceutical, Co. (Tokyo, Japan). Chloral hydrate was from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Diff-Quik was from Sysmex, Co. (Kobe, Japan). Formalin neutral buffer solution was from WAKO Pure Chemicals (Tokyo, Japan). Mayer’s hematoxylin, 1% eosin alcohol solution and malinol were from MUTO Pure Chemicals (Tokyo, Japan).
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7

Immunohistochemical Protein Detection Protocol

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Sections of paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tumor tissues were deparaffinized in xylene and rehydrated in a series of graded ethanol solutions, and exposed to microwave radiation in a citrate buffer (pH = 6.0) for 15 min. Endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked with 3% H2O2 in methanol for 5 min at room temperature. The sections were washed three times with PBS and incubated with goat serum for 20 min at room temperature. Next, the sections were incubated with the primary antibodies overnight at 4°C. The sections were warmed to room temperature, then washed three times with PBS, incubated with biotinylated secondary antibodies for 30 min at room temperature, and washed again, after which immune complexes were detected with the use of a streptavidin-peroxidase complex (DAKO) and 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB, DAKO). The sections were counterstained with hematoxylin, dehydrated in a graded series of alcohol solutions, and mounted in Malinol (Muto Pure Chemicals).
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8

Light Microscopic Analysis of DAB Deposition

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For the light microscopic survey of the DAB deposition sites, the sections were rinsed in a graded series of 80%, 90%, and 100% ethanol for dehydration. After clearance in xylene, the sections were mounted within Malinol (Muto Pure Chemicals, Tokyo, Japan) covered with a NEO Micro cover glass (size 24 × 50 mm, thickness no. 1 = 0.13–0.17 mm: Matsunami Glass, Osaka, Japan). The DAB deposition sites were surveyed under a light microscope (BX51, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a digital camera (DP73, Olympus).
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9

Histological Preparation of Brain and Retina

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Brain and retina were isolated after perfusion xation using 4% PFA in PBS and xed overnight in the same solution at 4 °C. The samples were embedded into para n, and sectioned (4 µm). After depara nization, the sections were stained with Hematoxylin solution (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical) for 10 min and washed by water for 30 min and stained with Eosin (MUTO PURE CHEMICALS). The sections were washed by ethanol for 20 min and then xylene for 15 min and mounted using Malinol (MUTO PURE CHEMICALS).
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10

Histological Evaluation of Mandibular Condyles

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Mandibular condyles were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe the condylar cartilage (19) . After the rats had been sacrificed, the mandibles were removed from the cranium and fixed with 10% paraformaldehyde. The samples were decalcified for 4 weeks at 4°C in 10% paraformaldehyde containing 10% EDTA. The samples were then subjected to ethanol dehydration, cleared with xylene, and embedded in paraffin wax for tissue sectioning. The middle of the mandibular condyle, which included the mandibular foramen, was sliced sagittally at a thickness of 3 μm. After the sections had been deparaffinized and rehydrated, they were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and mounted with Malinol (Muto Pure Chemicals, Tokyo, Japan).
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