Mode 220

Body weight was recorded to the nearest 0.1 kg and was measured in the morning in the fasting state with patients wearing light clothing without shoes and using a flat scale (Tanita WB-110MA, Japan). Height was measured in a stadiometer (Seca Mode 220, Hamburg Germany) and recorded to the nearest 0.1 cm. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m²). Then, participants were asked to sit for 5 min, after which three consecutive blood pressure measurements were recorded at an interval of 1–2 min. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were recorded by trained personnel at baseline using an OMRON HEM-907XL (OMRON, Kyoto, Japan) device.

Body weight, body fat, fat free mass (FFM), total body water (TBW), and visceral fat rating were measured with bioelectrical impedance analysis (Tanita BC-418, Tokyo, Japan). Height was measured using a stadiometer (Seca Mode 220, Hamburg, Germany) with subjects not wearing shoes, their shoulders in a relaxed position, and their arms hanging freely. Waist circumference (WC) was determined at the midpoint between the lower margin of the last palpable rib and the top of the iliac crest in a standing position at the end of gentle expiration. Hip circumference (HP) measurement was taken around the widest portion of the buttocks. Body mass index (BMI) was computed as weight (kg)/height (m)².