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Toluidine blue t3260

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

Toluidine blue (T3260) is a dye commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a metachromatic dye that exhibits different colors depending on the substance it is staining. This product is available for purchase from the Merck Group.

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4 protocols using toluidine blue t3260

1

Evaluating Endothelial Permeability via TEM

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To examine endothelial permeability, aortic tissues were fixed for 12 h in 2% glutaraldehyde–paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), washed in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, and postfixed with 1% OsO4 dissolved in 0.1 M phosphate buffer for 2 h. Then, samples were dehydrated in ethanol and infiltrated with propylene oxide. Specimens were embedded with a Poly/Bed 812 kit (Polysciences), and 200–250-nm-thick sections were initially cut and stained with toluidine blue (T3260; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) for light microscopy. Ultrathin sections (70 nm) were cut by a LEICA EM UC-7 (Leica Microsystems, Vienna, Austria) with a diamond knife (Diatome) and were double stained with 6% uranyl acetate (22400; Electron Microscopy Sciences, Hatfield, PA, USA) for 20 min and lead citrate (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) for 10 min. All sections were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (JEM-1011; JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at an acceleration voltage of 80 kV.
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2

Toluidine Blue Staining of 3D Constructs

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3D constructs were fixed with paraformaldehyde 2% (w/v) and incubated with toluidine blue (T3260, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) 0.05% (w/w) in water during 20 min. Then, samples were washed several times with distilled water and, finally, visualized under a stereoscopic microscope (Leica M165 C, Barcelona, Spain).
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3

Mast Cell Degranulation Assay with TIIA

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As described above, mast cell line HMC-1 was collected and divided into the following four groups: (1) control group, (2) C48/80 group, (3) C48/80 + 5 μmol/L TIIA (TIIA-5) group and (4) C48/80 + 10 μmol/L TIIA (TIIA-10) group. Cells in different groups were treated with 0.5 μg/mL C48/80 and different concentrations of TIIA. After incubation, the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (P0099, Beyotime, Shanghai, China) for 25 min, and then stained with toluidine blue (T3260, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) for 1–2 min. Finally, mast cell degranulation was observed under an optical microscope.
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4

Formulation and Characterization of Pre-OHGel Ink

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To prepare the pre-OHGel ink, 4 wt% glycerol was mixed with deionized water, then 8 wt% P(SPMA0.5-r-MMA0.5) was dissolved in the binary solvent with 70 °C water bath and magnetic stirring for 1 h. Finally, 0.02 wt% polyether-modified siloxane surfactant (BYK-348, BYK Additives & Instruments) was added into the solution at room temperature as surface tension modifier. The as-prepared ink was filtered through polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) syringe filters (0.45 µm pore size; C2008S1, Ossila) to remove impurities. Trace amounts of toluidine blue (T3260, Sigma-Aldrich) could be dissolved in the pre-OHGel ink to enhance the visibility of printed OHGel. The apparent viscosity of the inks with different polyelectrolyte load was examined under ambient condition using a rheometer (MCR 501, Anton-Paar). Surface tension of the pre-OHGel inks with or without BYK-348 surfactant was measured by a micro-tensiometer (Ez-Pi plus, Kibron). DOD inkjet printing was performed by a Dimatix Materials Printer (DMP-2800, Fujifilm).
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