Flake graphite 0.5 mm

Flake graphite (0.5 mm) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical reagent Co. (Shanghai, China). Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) (AR), sulfuric acid (AR), ferrous sulfate (AR), potassium dichromate (AR), and ethanol (AR) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical reagent Co. (Shanghai, China).
The hydroxyl radical production apparatus was designed and manufactured by our laboratory; the detailed device diagram is shown in Fig. 1. The automatic potentiometric titrator (ZDJ-4A) was purchased from Shanghai Yidian Scientific Instrument Co. (Shanghai, China).

The flake graphite (0.5 mm) and the sodium bicarbonate (AR) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical reagent Co. (Shanghai, China).
Ball mills (QM-3SP04, YXQM-2 L, KEQ-2 L and QM3SP2) were purchased from Tianchuang Powder Technology Co. (Changsha, China), Miqi Instrument Equipment Co. (Changsha, China), Ru Rui Technology Co. (Guangzhou, China) and Ru Rui Technology Co. (Guangzhou, China), respectively. The analytical balance (TG328A) was purchased from Balance instrument factory (Shanghai, China). The pumping equipment was purchased from Guohua Electric Co. (Shanghai, China). The vacuum drying oven was purchased from Anteing Electronic Instrument Factory (Shanghai, China). The muffle furnace (TDL-1800 A) was purchased from Keda Instrument Co (Nanyang, China).

Flake graphite (0.5 mm) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical reagent Co. (Shanghai, China). Sodium chloride (AR) and ethanol (AR) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical reagent Co. (Shanghai, China).
The hydroxyl radical production and graphite exfoliation apparatus was designed and manufactured by our laboratory; the detailed device diagram was shown in Fig. 1. The analytical balance (TG328A) was purchased from Balance instrument factory (Shanghai, China). The pumping equipment was purchased from Guohua Electric Co. (Shanghai, China). The vacuum drying oven was purchased from Anteing Electronic Instrument Factory (Shanghai, China).