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2 protocols using phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate pma

1

B Cell Stimulation and Isolation for Microarray Analysis

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B cells purified from splenocytes by positive selection using anti-B220 antibody beads (Miltenyi Biotec), were cultured in the complete medium (RPMI 1640 containing 10% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin and 0.1% 2-mercaptoethanol (ME), all from Life Technologies) at the density of 2 × 106 cells/ml. Cells were stimulated with anti-CD40 antibody (2 μg/ml, clone HM40-3, BD Pharmingen) or LPS (10 μg/ml) for 5–48 h. In some experiments, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, 50 ng/ml, BD Pharmingen), ionomycin (500 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich), and monensin (2 μM, eBioscience) were added in culture for the final 5 h before the detection of intracellular IL-10 (29 (link)). In microarray analysis, splenic B cells were treated with either LPS or anti-CD40 for 48 h, and IL-10+ or IL-10 B cells were then purified by Regulatory B Cell Isolation Kit (Miltenyi Biotec) according to the manufacturer's instructions. To compare the genes differentially expressed in Ctrl and Cko B10 cells, isolated B10 cells from Ctrl and Cko mice were stimulated with anti-CD40. RNA samples were collected at 0 and 48 h after stimulation.
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2

Fibrinogen Fragment Interaction Assay

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Human fibrinogen depleted of plasminogen, von Willebrand factor and fibronectin (FIB 3), human plasmin, human thrombin, and HRP-conjugated sheep anti-human fibrinogen antibodies were purchased from Enzyme Research Laboratories. The soluble form of human VLDL receptor, sVLDLR, was prepared using the Drosophila Expression System (Invitrogen) as previously described [23 (link)]. The recombinant fibrin(ogen) (Bβ1–66)2 and (β15-66)2 fragments were produced in E. coli and purified as we described earlier [23 (link)]. Human receptor-associated protein (RAP) was expressed in E. coli and purified as described in [24 (link)]. Anti-VLDL receptor monoclonal antibodies mAb 5F3 and mAb 1H10 were purified from hybridoma supernatants by affinity chromatography on Protein A-Sepharose (Sigma-Aldrich) as we described earlier [21 (link)]. Goat secondary anti-mouse polyclonal antibodies conjugated with HRP and HRP substrate SureBlue TMB were from KPL. Calcein AM fluorescent dye and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) were obtained from BD Biosciences and Promega, respectively, and Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro peptide and N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) were from Sigma-Aldrich.
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